| 综合气象干旱指数修正及在西南地区的适用性 |
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| 引用本文： | 赵海燕,高 歌,张培群,延晓冬.综合气象干旱指数修正及在西南地区的适用性[J].应用气象学报,2011,22(6):698-705. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赵海燕 高 歌 张培群 延晓冬 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国科学院大气物理研究所，北京 100029 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家科技支撑计划课题（2007BAC29B02）,公益性行业(气象)科研专项（GYHY200906019） |
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| 摘 要： | 以我国西南地区为例，在用加权降水量 (WAP) 改进标准化降水指数的基础上，对综合气象干旱指数 (IC) 进行了修正，定义为ICW。通过对比指数修正前后在干旱频率、年干旱强度和干旱发展过程中的不连续加重、以及与同期土壤湿度相关性的差异，分析了ICW在修正后的改进效果及在西南地区的适用性。结果表明:修正前后的综合气象干旱指数在多年干旱频率和年干旱强度两方面没有显著差异，但ICW减少了干旱发展过程中的不连续加重现象，且与同期土壤湿度有更好的相关性，即ICW比IC更加接近实际干旱的演变规律，ICW比IC更适合在西南地区实时干旱监测业务中使用。然而，由于该研究未对IC中的相对湿润度指数进行修正，而相对湿润度指数的突变同样可以导致不连续加重的出现，因此，ICW只是在一定程度上减少了不连续加重的影响。
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| 关 键 词： | 综合气象干旱指数IC 加权降水量WAP 西南地区 |
| 收稿时间： | 2011-02-25 |
The Modification of Meteorological Drought Composite Index and Its Application in Southwest China
Index and Its Application in Southwest China |
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| Zhao Haiyan,Gao Ge,Zhang Peiqun and Yan Xiaodong.The Modification of Meteorological Drought Composite Index and Its Application in Southwest China
Index and Its Application in Southwest China[J].Quarterly Journal of Applied Meteorology,2011,22(6):698-705. |
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| Authors: | Zhao Haiyan Gao Ge Zhang Peiqun and Yan Xiaodong |
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| Institution: | 1.Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 1000292.Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 1000493.National Climate Center, Beijing 100081 |
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| Abstract: | The meteorological drought composite index (IC) is recommended as an effective operational drought monitoring index from National Standard and has been applied by National Climate Center to monitor drought conditions across the whole country in recent years. However, uncontinurous enhancement of drought is frequently observed in the development of drought process at many stations, where uncontinurous enhancement of drought means that daily change is greater than or equal to one drought degree (-0.6) and the IC value is equal to or less than 0.6 a day before. In order to optimize IC, modified standard precipitation index (Z65) by weighted average precipitation (WAP) is introduced. Due to different weighted coefficients of daily precipitation, modified IC(ICW) can decrease uncontinurous enhancement of drought to the most extent. Taking Southwest China as an example, daily IC and ICW(modified IC) from 1 January 1961 to 10 May 2010 is calculated, and the differences between IC and ICW in frequency of every drought degree and monthly variability of drought frequency are analyzed. Since formula and value range of ICW are both similar to IC, the same drought degree is adopted. It indicates that there is no significant difference between ICW and IC in frequency of drought. Moreover, the annual intensity of drought from 1961 to 2009 is also analyzed. The results indicate ICW is also similar to IC very much and there is no significant trend of annual intensity. Furthermore, as stable index of drought, uncontinurous enhancement of drought of IC and ICW are counted. It shows that ICW has less uncontinurous enhancement of drought than IC at all four stations, so ICW has improved the stability of drought according to different weighted coefficients of daily precipitation. Take soil moisture observed on 8, 18 and 28 as representative, the correlation between IC, ICW and soil moisture is analyzed from January 1993 to May 2010. The results show that ICW has greater correlation coefficients with soil moisture of 10 cm at all stations than IC, and ICW has greater correlation coefficients with soil moisture of 20 cm at three stations than IC, showing that ICW is more consistent with soil moisture.Above all, the analysis shows that ICW is close to the characteristics of actual drought and suitable for daily drought monitoring in Southwest China. However, there is still some uncontinurous enhancement of drought existing in ICW due to great uncontinuous change of M30. |
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| Keywords: | meteorological drought composite index weighted average precipitation Southwest China |
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