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| 多型号地基微波辐射计亮温准确性比对 | |
| 引用本文： | 茆佳佳,张雪芬,王志诚,杨荣康,潘旭光,季承荔,郭然.多型号地基微波辐射计亮温准确性比对[J].应用气象学报,2018,29(6):724-736. |
| 作者姓名： | 茆佳佳 张雪芬 王志诚 杨荣康 潘旭光 季承荔 郭然 |
| 作者单位： | 1.中国气象局气象探测中心, 北京 100081 |
| 基金项目： | 国家重点研究发展计划（2017YFC1501700），中国气象局大气探测重点开放实验室开放课题（KLAS201701），中国气象局气象探测中心青年科技课题（TCQN201708），中国气象局气象探测中心自设项目（TCZS201707） |
| 摘 要： | 目前，国内外对于地基微波辐射计的探测能力多从温湿廓线等二级产品级进行考察，其误差包含反演算法和硬件系统两部分的贡献，不易区分。为直接考察硬件系统的观测性能，试验将评估对象前移，直接对一级亮温数据进行比对分析。利用2016年1月-2018年3月中国气象局大气探测试验基地4台地基微波辐射计和业务探空的同址观测数据，以探空数据输入MonoRTM辐射传输模型得到的正演亮温为参考，考察不同天气、不同季节微波辐射计的探测准确性。结果表明:国产与进口设备观测亮温的准确性相当。4台地基微波辐射计实测亮温与模拟亮温相关性较好，相关系数基本超过0.9，均达到0.001显著性水平。晴空条件下，实测亮温较模拟亮温均方根误差平均为2.08~3.75 K；德国辐射计亮温偏差最小，各通道平均偏差为1.08 K，均方根误差平均为2.08 K。亮温偏差在冬季最小，夏季达到最大。建议提高定标准确度并进行质量控制以确保亮温准确性，谨慎使用降水期间辐射计的观测数据。 |
| 关 键 词： | 微波辐射计 误差分析 探空 亮温 MonoRTM模型 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/7/21 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018/8/31 0:00:00 |
Comparison of Brightness Temperature of Multi-type Ground-based Microwave Radiometers |
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| Mao Jiaji,Zhang Xuefen,Wang Zhicheng,Yang Rongkang,Pan Xuguang,Ji Chengli and Guo Ran.Comparison of Brightness Temperature of Multi-type Ground-based Microwave Radiometers[J].Quarterly Journal of Applied Meteorology,2018,29(6):724-736. | |
| Authors: | Mao Jiaji Zhang Xuefen Wang Zhicheng Yang Rongkang Pan Xuguang Ji Chengli and Guo Ran |
| Institution: | 1.Meteorological Observation Center of CMA, Beijing 1000812.Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 6102253.Key Laboratory of Atmosphere Sounding, China Meteorological Administration, Chengdu 6102254.Yantai Meteorological Administration of Shandong Province, Yantai 264000 |
| Abstract: | Ground-based microwave radiometer (MWR) can detect temperature and humidity profiles continuously and steadily, which compensate the shortcoming of the conventional sounding because of the long observation time interval. As a result, it is very helpful to explore the thermal process evolution of meso-scale synoptic system. At present, many types of ground-based MWR are developed at home and abroad. They are of different technical systems and their suitability for wide operational use is much concerned in scientific research institutions and management departments. The error of MWR product includes the contribution of both algorithm and hardware system, which is hard to distinguish. Therefore, to evaluate the observation performance of hardware system of the MWR, the brightness temperature of MWR is directly compared in this experiment. Using observations of 4-type radiometers and operational sounding data at the testbed of China Meteorological Adminatration from January 2016 to March 2018, and the simulated brightness temperature based on forward calculation from sounding data of MonoRTM as the reference, the accuracy of radiometers in different weather and seasons is compared and analyzed. Results show that the accuracy of brightness temperature of the domestic radiometer is similar to that of the imported radiometer. The observed brightness temperature of 4 radiometers are well related with simulated brightness temperature, and correlation coefficients basically are above 0.9, reaching a significant level of 0.001. Under clear sky conditions, the average of mean square root between the observed and simulated brightness temperature of four radiometers is 2.08-3.75 K. And the MWR-G shows the smallest error of brightness temperature, whose average deviation of each channel is 1.08 K, and the root mean square error is 2.08 K. The brightness temperature errors are minimum in winter and maximum in summer. Under precipitation conditions, the effectiveness of the brightness temperature observation of MWR is obviously reduced. Certainly, there are also some errors in sounding data itself. And it is difficult to completely avoid the drifting problem of sounding balloon, although a variety of ground-based remote sensing methods are used to assist the identification. It suggests to develop and apply calibration system with high accuracy and high stability, to ensure the accurate measurement of the radiometer. In addition, best observation mode of MWR during precipitation, and the material selection, replacement and maintenance of the radome need to be tested and verified, to expand the effective detection range of MWR. |
| Keywords: | microwave radiometer error analysis sounding brightness temperature MonoRTM |
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