| 长江三角洲城市发展与人体舒适度的关系 |
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| 引用本文： | 韩玮,王琳,苏敬.长江三角洲城市发展与人体舒适度的关系[J].应用气象学报,2013,24(3):380-384. |
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| 作者姓名： | 韩玮 王琳 苏敬 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.南京信息工程大学应用气象学院，江苏省农业气象重点实验室, 南京 210044 |
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| 基金项目： | 江苏高校优势学科建设工程（PAPD）项目，江苏省农业气象重点实验室开放基金（JKLAM201205），南京信息工程大学博士启动基金（20110410） |
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| 摘 要： | 为研究城市人体舒适度变化和城市化进程的关系，明确影响人体舒适度的主要城市因子，该文首先利用1981—2010年长江三角洲地区上海、南京、杭州、合肥的气象数据，研究气候舒适度及其变化趋势，并研究了影响人体舒适度的主要城市因子。研究结果表明:上海、南京、杭州、合肥冷不舒适日数均呈减少趋势，热不舒适日数均呈增加趋势，舒适日数变化不大。城市化综合水平与冷不舒适日数倾向率之间达到显著相关水平，与热不舒适日数倾向率之间相关不显著。影响长江三角洲地区人体舒适度的最主要城市因子为总人口数量，其次为建成区面积、总用电量、公共交通实有车辆、人均绿地面积等。
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| 关 键 词： | 人体舒适度 模糊综合评判 灰色关联分析 城市化 |
| 收稿时间： | 2012-08-20 |
| 修稿时间： | 4/3/2013 12:00:00 AM |
Effects of Urbanization on Human Comfort in the Yangtze River Delta |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Applied Meteorology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 2100442.Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection of China, Nanjing 210042 |
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| Abstract: | Assessment of urban human comfort is one of hot topics in the field of climate change. Due to rapid urbanization in developing countries, climate issues have gained increasing attention in cities. However, most of these studies are carried out in spatial and temporal variations of human comfort, few considers the effects of urbanization on human comfort. Therefore, the meteorological and urbanization data of Shanghai, Nanjing, Hangzhou and Hefei in the Yangtze River Delta are used to investigate the relationship between urbanization and human comfort, and determine the main urban factors on human comfort. First, the human comfort of four cities in the Yangtze River Delta during 1981—2010 is investigated, and the trends in cold or hot uncomfortable days of four cities are investigated, separately. The results show that Nanjing has the most uncomfortable cold days, while Hangzhou has the least, and Hangzhou has the most uncomfortable hot days while Nanjing has the least. There are downward trends in cold uncomfortable days, the decreasing tendency from large to small is Shanghai, Nanjing, Hangzhou and Hefei. There are upward trends in hot uncomfortable days, and the increasing tendency in descending order is Shanghai, Hangzhou, Nanjing and Hefei. Second, the levels of urbanization of four cities during 1991—2011 are analyzed by the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, and the relationship between tendency of human comfort and the levels of urbanization are analyzed by the correlation method. The results show that there is a highly significant correlation between the levels of urbanization and the tendency rate of cold uncomfortable days, while no significant correlation is found between levels of urbanization and the tendency rate of hot uncomfortable days. Third, the urban factors on human comfort are investigated by gray relational analysis to determine main urban factors which affect human comfort. It is found that the main urban factor on human comfort is total population, while other more important factors are built-up area, total power consumption, public transportation vehicles, and capita green area.These results suggest that the urbanization of big cities reduce the number of cold uncomfortable days significantly. Urbanization, especially the factors of population increase, city expansion, and traffic congestion energy consumption have profound influences on human comfort of urban residents. |
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| Keywords: | human comfort fuzzy comprehensive evaluation grey correlation analysis urbanization |
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