| 全球干旱指数研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 宋艳玲.全球干旱指数研究进展[J].应用气象学报,2022,33(5):513-526. |
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| 作者姓名： | 宋艳玲 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室，北京 100081 |
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| 摘 要： | 干旱是世界最严重的气象灾害, 是自然灾害中经济损失最重、影响范围最广的灾害。我国深受干旱灾害的影响, 近几十年干旱事件频繁发生, 给社会造成的不利影响和对人们生存环境的危害日趋严重。因此, 讨论全球干旱指数研究进展对于我国干旱研究及防旱抗旱工作具有重要意义。该文系统介绍全球特别是欧美等国气象干旱指数、农业干旱指数、水文干旱指数、遥感干旱指数以及综合干旱指数研究进展, 并与我国干旱指数研究情况对比。探讨我国在干旱研究领域存在的主要问题, 包括干旱指数适用性比较不足, 新的机理性干旱监测指数研究不足, 干旱预测预警研究不足。因此加强干旱机理机制研究、开展干旱监测准确性定量评估和加强数值模式在干旱预测预警中的应用是未来研究的重点和难点。
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| 关 键 词： | 干旱指数 农业 定量评估 预测预警 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-07-04 |
Global Research Progress of Drought Indices |
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| Institution: | 1.State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 1000812.Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044 |
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| Abstract: | Drought is the most serious meteorological disaster in the world with the heaviest economic loss and the widest range, affecting social economy and people's lives. The impacts of drought are diverse, affecting agriculture, food security, water conservancy and power generation, industry, human and animal health, and so on. In recent decades, drought events occur frequently in China. Coupled with the rapid economic development and population growth, the adverse impact of drought on society and the harm to people's living environment are becoming more and more serious. Therefore, it is of great significance to discuss the global research progress of drought indices for drought research, prevention and drought relief in China. The research on meteorological drought index, agricultural drought index, hydrological drought index, remote sensing drought index and comprehensive drought index in the world are investigated systematically, especially in Europe and the United States, including the source of each drought index, the input parameters for calculation, the ease of use, advantages, disadvantages, and the global use. The progress of drought research in China is also systematically introduced, including some new drought indices or improved drought indices proposed according to the research on the local drought evolution characteristics and risks, especially a series of new industrial or national standards on drought indexes developed. The main problems in drought research is also discussed, including the lack of applicability of drought index, the lack of research on new mechanism-based drought monitoring index and the lack of research on drought prediction and early warning. Therefore, strengthening the research on drought mechanism, carrying out quantitative assessment of drought monitoring and strengthening the application of numerical models in drought prediction and early warning are the key and difficult points of future research. Drought range, degree and trend prediction are of great significance for the selection of national disaster prevention and mitigation measures. Providing drought prediction and early warning information more than one month in advance can provide sufficient time for taking disaster prevention and mitigation measures. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the simulation ability of numerical models to different regions and strengthen the application of numerical models to drought prediction and early warning. |
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