| 机场低能见度自动观测设备测量数据对比 |
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| 引用本文： | 明虎,陈丽杰,高联辉,王奇.机场低能见度自动观测设备测量数据对比[J].应用气象学报,2015,26(6):750-758. |
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| 作者姓名： | 明虎 陈丽杰 高联辉 王奇 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所，乌鲁木齐 830002 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国沙漠气象科学研究基金项目（Sqj2014003）， 国家自然科学基金项目（41475029） |
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| 摘 要： | 基于民航机场的实际应用，对比安装在陕西省西安咸阳国际机场跑道一端的大气透射仪和前向散射仪2013年1月—2014年8月测量的跑道视程数据，结果表明:整体上，当跑道视程R > 400 m时，前向散射仪测量数据大于大气透射仪数据的比例高；当跑道视程R≤400 m时，大气透射仪测量数据大于等于前向散射仪数据的比例更高。当跑道视程R≤600 m时，两种设备测量数据具有很好的相互替代性；当跑道视程R > 1000 m时，两种设备测量数据差距较大。在雾、冻雾、霾和暴雨天气时，两种设备测量数据在时间上具有很好的一致性，且在跑道视程R≤1000 m时，两种设备测量数据具有很好的相互替代性，而在雪、烟和扬沙天气时两种设备测量的数据差距较大。
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| 关 键 词： | 大气透射仪 前向散射仪 跑道视程 天气现象 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015-03-21 |
Comparison on Measurements by Airport Visibility Automatic Observation Instruments in Low Visiblity Weather |
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| Ming Hu,Chen Lijie,Gao Lianhui and Wang Qi.Comparison on Measurements by Airport Visibility Automatic Observation Instruments in Low Visiblity Weather[J].Quarterly Journal of Applied Meteorology,2015,26(6):750-758. |
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| Authors: | Ming Hu Chen Lijie Gao Lianhui and Wang Qi |
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| Institution: | 1.Institute of Desert Meteorology, CMA, Urumqi 8300022.Northwest Regional Air Traffic Management Bureau of CAAC, Xi'an 710082 |
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| Abstract: | The runway visual range measurements form January 2013 to August 2014 by atmospheric transmission meter and forward scattering meter installed on the same end of Xi'an Xianyang international airport south runway are compared. Conclusions are as follows: When the visual range is greater than 400 m, measurements by forward scattering meter are likely to be greater than those by atmospheric transmission meter, while when the runway visual range is less than or equal to 400 m, measurements by atmospheric transmission meter are likely to be greater. Overall, when the runway visual range is less than or equal to 600 m, both two sets of equipment can be replaced by each other as their bias is accord with requirements of Civil Aviation Observation and Measurement. However, when the runway visual range is between 600 m and 1000 m, whether observations from two sets of equipment can be replaced mainly depends on weather conditions. When the runway visual range is greater than 1000 m, differences between two sets of equipment exceeds requirements of Civil Aviation Observation and Measurement.
In fog, freezing fog, haze or big rain weather, observations show very good consistency and can be replaced with each other when runway visual range is less than or equal to 1000 m. In snow, smoke or floating sand weathers, measurements by forward scattering meter are much greater; while in big rain weather, it is found that measurements by atmospheric transmission meter are greater than that by forward scattering meter. In fog weather and haze weathers, it is found that measurements by atmospheric transmission meter are greater when the runway visual range is less than or equal to 1000 m, but less than data measured by forward scattering meter when visual range is greater than 1000 m. |
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| Keywords: | atmospheric transmission meter forward scattering meter runway visual range the weather phenomenon |
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