| 大兴安岭特大森林火灾气象成因的分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 王茂新,叶一舫,张青山.大兴安岭特大森林火灾气象成因的分析[J].应用气象学报,1990,1(1):107-112. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王茂新 叶一舫 张青山 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.国家气象局气象科学研究院
(王茂新，叶一舫)，国家气象局卫星气象中心(张青山) |
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| 摘 要： | 本文分析了1987年5月大兴安岭特大森林火灾的气象成因。前期干旱、少雨及5月上旬气温的显著偏高，是发生特大火灾的气候背景。大兴安岭位于我国最北部，属于寒温带，年平均气温只有-3—-6 ℃，有机物分解缓慢，使林内可燃物越积越多，是发生火灾的物质基础。在已有大量火源存在的情况下，正逢有强干冷锋过境，平均风速达8—12 m/s，最大17.0 m/s，使火势急速蔓延，是造成特大森林火灾的最关键因素。地形与气温、积雪有密切关系，也对火场的蔓延有一定的影响。
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The Analysis of the Meteorological Cause of Formation of Forest Fire in Da Hinggan Ling Region |
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| Institution: | 1) (Academy of Meteorology Science, SMA); 2) (Satellite Meteorological Center, SMA) |
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| Abstract: | In this paper, the meteorological factors of the catastrophic forest fire in Da Hinggan Ling region of northeastern China in May, 1987 have been analysed. It is found that the drought and less rainfall in the previous period, and much higher temperature in the first ten-day of May are the climatic conditions of the forest fire. Da Hinggan Ling region is located in northeastern China, which is part of the frigid-temperate zone and the annual mean temperature is -3 to -6oC. Therefore, the organic matters are decomposed rather slowly and make more and more combustibles accumulated in the forest, It provides the material condition of the fire. A very strong dry cold front with the average wind speed 8—12 m/s, and the extreme speed 17.0 m/s, just passed away when a large number of fire points were in existence, which spreaded the fire over wide areas rapidly. This is the key factor of the fire. In addition, the topographic factor which related to the temperature and the snow cover also affected the extension of the fire |
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