| 不同天气条件下地基微波辐射计探测性能比对 |
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| 引用本文： | 王志诚,张雪芬,茆佳佳,王志成.不同天气条件下地基微波辐射计探测性能比对[J].应用气象学报,2018,29(3):282-295. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王志诚 张雪芬 茆佳佳 王志成 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.成都信息工程大学, 成都 610225 |
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| 基金项目： | 科技部重大自然灾害监测预警与防范重点专项（2017YFC1501700），中国气象局气象探测中心青年科技课题（TCQN201708） |
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| 摘 要： | 利用探空数据和毫米波云雷达数据，对在大气探测试验基地同址观测的国内外3种型号地基微波辐射计进行1年（2016年10月—2017年9月）的比对分析，重点分析不同型号地基微波辐射计在晴空和云天下温、湿观测性能特征。结果表明:3种型号地基微波辐射计温度与探空相关系数均超过0.98，达到0.01显著性水平；晴空条件下，德国及国产地基微波辐射计温度平均误差均在±1℃以内（前者为负偏差，后者为正偏差），误差较小，美国地基微波辐射计系统偏差约为-1.8℃；3种型号地基微波辐射计均方根误差随高度递增，整体均方根误差以德国地基微波辐射计2.2℃为最小，美国地基微波辐射计3.8℃为最大；在有云条件下，3种型号地基微波辐射计平均误差分布较晴空条件下无明显变化，均方根误差较晴空条件有约增加0.5℃。3种型号地基微波辐射计均呈晴空相对湿度误差小于云天误差，低空误差小于中高空误差的特点；晴空条件下，美国与国产地基微波辐射计相对湿度均方根误差分别为15%和18%左右，小于德国地基微波辐射计；云天条件下3种型号微波辐射计均方根误差均较大（26%左右）。
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| 关 键 词： | 地基微波辐射计 误差分析 探空 温度 相对湿度 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017/10/30 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018/2/28 0:00:00 |
Comparison Analysis on Detection Performance of Ground-based Microwave Radiometers Under Different Weather Conditions |
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| Wang Zhicheng,Zhang Xuefen,Mao Jiajia and Wang Zhicheng.Comparison Analysis on Detection Performance of Ground-based Microwave Radiometers Under Different Weather Conditions[J].Quarterly Journal of Applied Meteorology,2018,29(3):282-295. |
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| Authors: | Wang Zhicheng Zhang Xuefen Mao Jiajia and Wang Zhicheng |
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| Institution: | 1.Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 6102252.CMA Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Sounding, Chengdu 6102253.Meteorological Observation Center of CMA, Beijing 100081 |
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| Abstract: | Ground-based microwave radiometer (MWR) detects atmospheric temperature and humidity by receiving atmospheric microwave radiation, which can conduct 24-hour unattended, high-resolution observation. It can detect short-time variation of atmospheric elements. MWR is an important supplement to routine sounding. However, it has different observation accuracy at different times, seasons and weather conditions. Observation accuracy and influencing factors analyses are essential in scientific experiments and operation processes.In order to minimize error effects of radiosonde migration, results from three types of remote sensing devices under two weather conditions are compared. By analyzing differences of temperature and relative humidity between sounding and three MWRs at home and abroad of different technology systems in no-cloud and cloud samples, performances of these MWRs are evaluated.In the aspect of temperature, the correlation coefficient for MWRs and sounding is above 0.98. In no-cloud condition, errors of MWR-G and MWR-A are less than ±1℃ (the former is negative and the latter is positive). MWR-A has -1.8℃ deviation. Root mean square errors (RMSEs) of three types of MWRs increase with height. RMSEs of MWR-G, MWR-A and MWR-C are 2.2℃, 3.0℃ and 3.8℃. In cloud condition, vertical distributions of temperature error of three microwave radiometers have no significant changes in comparison with no-cloud condition. The RMSEs of three microwave radiometers in cloud condition are 0.5℃ higher than those in no-cloud condition. Microwave radiometer can identify the near surface radiation inversion layer accurately. But it's hard to identify the high-altitude inversion layer. In the aspect of relative humidity, the error of cloud samples is higher than the error of no-cloud samples, and the error of middle-high cloud samples is higher than that of low cloud samples. In no-cloud condition, RMSEs of MWR-A and MWR-C are 15% and 18%, less than the RMSE of MWR-G. In cloud condition, RMSEs of MWR-G, MWR-A and MWR-C (about 26%) are larger than those in no-cloud condition. The existence of cloud has a major influence on the detection of microwave radiometer relative humidity:No matter which height level, errors of low-middle cloud samples are bigger than those of no-cloud samples. Errors of high cloud samples are bigger than those of no-cloud samples, and the amplification of RMSE is about 10%-20%. This comparison analysis will provide some reference basis for the further improvement of the accuracy of MWR atmospheric profiles and the scientific research, promotion and operation processes of MWRs. |
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| Keywords: | ground-based microwave radiometer error analysis sounding temperature relative humidity |
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