| 边界层风廓线雷达对登陆台风观测适用性评估 |
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| 引用本文： | 严嘉明,赵兵科,张帅,林立旻,汤杰.边界层风廓线雷达对登陆台风观测适用性评估[J].应用气象学报,2021,32(3):332-346. |
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| 作者姓名： | 严嘉明 赵兵科 张帅 林立旻 汤杰 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国气象局上海台风研究所, 上海 200030 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用2014—2019年6个台风合计34组数据，通过与机动式边界层风廓线雷达以及同点探空数据进行对比，分析风廓线雷达对登陆台风边界层结构诊断的适用性。初步分析表明:有30组数据完整度高于80%，且平均标准差为3.64 m·s-1，平均误差为4.67 m·s-1。30组数据中有19组数据的对比结果较好，均呈现风廓线雷达与探空廓线在250 m高度以上重合度较高、250 m高度以下重合度较低的特征，其原因可能与探空低层加速以及风廓线雷达低层受干扰有关。将250 m高度以下的数据剔除后和剔除前对比发现，数据质量得到提高。从空间分布看，低质量数据大多分布在台风中心距离观测点200 km及以外的区域，但较高质量数据相对于台风中心并无明显的倾向性分布。从降水分布看，未发现数据质量与降水关系明显。尽管使用的数据比较有限，但风廓线雷达在台风边界层结构观测中展现较好应用潜力。
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| 关 键 词： | 风廓线雷达 探空 台风观测试验 台风边界层结构 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-01-25 |
Observation Analysis and Application Evaluation of Wind Profile Radar to Diagnosing the Boundary Layer of Landing Typhoon |
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| Institution: | 1.Shanghai Typhoon Institute of China Meteorological Administration, Shanghai 2000302.Fujian Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Fuzhou 350001 |
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| Abstract: | The feasibility of wind profile radar in typhoon observation is investigated with 6 cases including Feng-wong(1422), Chan-hom(1509), Nepartak(1601), Meranti(1614), Megi(1617), and Lekima(1909) during 2014 to 2019. Thirty-four groups datasets, including the Airda 3000 boundary layer wind profile radar, GPS balloon sounding and PARSIVEL laser precipitation data are analyzed.Preliminary analysis show that 30 out of 34 datasets satisfy the prerequisite condition of greater than 80% data completion. The average wind speed standard deviation of these 30 datasets is about 3.64 m·s-1 and the average difference is 4.67 m·s-1. Furthermore, 19 out of the 34 datasets achieve good results (standard deviation less than 4 m·s-1) when the observation by wind profile radar and sounding agree well above 250 m altitude, though they overlap less below that altitude. The sounding wind speed is observed to be much smaller than the wind profile radar data for altitudes below 250 m, which is possibly caused by the fact that sounding accelerates from stationary to consistent with environmental winds below 250 m altitude in typhoon environment, or by the disturbance in lower atmosphere of wind profile radar. Thus, ignoring the lowest 250 m altitude, the standard deviation of wind profile radar and balloon sounding decrease remarkably. This may imply that wind profile radar has high feasibility in boundary layer from 250 m altitude to the layer top under typhoon environment. In addition, data with lower validity are always located in the region which is about more than 200 km away from typhoon center, while the distribution of high validity data observation show no obvious pattern and locates from typhoon center to the outer region. There is also no significant relationship found between data validity and precipitation intensity. These may imply that wind profile radar have great potential under the condition of heavy precipitation and severe wind. The analysis of data with lower validity indicates that the distribution of humidity in typhoon and local disturbance cause uneven wind in the radar detection beam. In addition, because the coastal areas of Zhejiang and Fujian are mostly hilly terrain, the low-level circulation structure of typhoon is destroyed by terrain, which may also be one cause for the poor match of horizontal wind speed.Despite the limited data, wind profile radar shows a very hopeful potential and high validity in the observation and diagnosis of boundary layer even in severe convective weather environment such as typhoon inner core region. |
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