| 相控阵雷达扫描方式对回波强度测量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 吴 翀,刘黎平,汪旭东,范 辉,刘 琦.相控阵雷达扫描方式对回波强度测量的影响[J].应用气象学报,2014,25(4):406-414. |
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| 作者姓名： | 吴 翀 刘黎平 汪旭东 范 辉 刘 琦 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室，北京 100081 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41175038)，公益性行业（气象）科研专项(GYHY201106046)，十二五国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAC22B00) |
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| 摘 要： | 有源数字阵列雷达的波束设计非常灵活，可变的波束宽度和多波束模式不仅可以满足不同任务的观测需求，还可有效节约扫描时间，但阵列天线参数随波位改变的特性对相控阵天气雷达回波强度的精确定标提出了挑战。2013年4—6月，中国气象科学研究院与安徽四创电子股份有限公司联合研发的X波段一维有源相控阵天气雷达 (X-PAR) 进行了装配后的首次测试观测。对比该雷达与相同位置的C波段双线偏振雷达 (C-POL) 观测资料发现，X-PAR不同宽度的扫描波束均能取得较合理的观测资料。但由于各模式的雷达方程及其标定方法不尽相同，并受到阵列天线照射体积、展宽波束和发射增益的影响，造成X-PAR回波强度存在一定的测量偏差。结合天线参数分析和实际数据统计将测量偏差订正至±1 dB内，为雷达的进一步调试和改进提供了依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 相控阵天气雷达 回波强度 定量测量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2013-10-30 |
| 修稿时间： | 4/8/2014 12:00:00 AM |
The Measurement Influence of Reflectivity Factor Caused by Scanning Mode from Phased Array Radar |
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| Wu Chong,Liu Liping,Wang Xudong,Fan Hui and Liu Qi.The Measurement Influence of Reflectivity Factor Caused by Scanning Mode from Phased Array Radar[J].Quarterly Journal of Applied Meteorology,2014,25(4):406-414. |
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| Authors: | Wu Chong Liu Liping Wang Xudong Fan Hui and Liu Qi |
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| Institution: | 1.State Key Lab of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 1000812.Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 6102253.Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 2100444.Anhui Sun-create Electronic Co Ltd, Hefei 230088 |
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| Abstract: | The beam design of active phased array weather radar is flexible, and this variable beam width and multi-beam mode can satisfy the requirement of various tasks and get much higher temporal resolution than general weather radar. However, the performance of active phased array weather radar can be hardly kept consistent due to the massive digital T/R components, and any variations of antenna parameters between the beam direction and axis normal would be a huge challenge for radar calibration. The X-band phased-array weather radar (X-PAR) developed by State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather of Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences and Anhui Sun-create Electronic Co Ltd is tested for the first time from April to June in 2013. The X-PAR and C-band polarization weather radar (C-POL) are installed at the same site, so their observations provide reflectivity measure deviation information and correction scheme for radar debugging and calibration of antenna parameters.During the operation of X-PAR, 3 kinds of observing modes with different beam width are applied, each using different parameters in their radar equations of calibration algorithm. Observations from C-POL and X-PAR (fine mode) with single scanning beam, X-PAR (quick mode) with multi scanning beams and X-PAR (fine Mode) are contrasted in detail. In order to reduce the comparison bias, severe convection and attenuation should be avoided. Results from statistical analysis indicate that observations from each elevation of X-PAR (fine mode) is 3 dB higher than C-POL, the measurement deviation between quick mode and fine mode changes along 4° regularly, and is inconsistent in higher elevation. The deviation source of X-PAR (fine mode) and C-POL comes from differences between the antenna parameter and the effective cross section, and the fast mode is also influenced by beam pattern, gaining in different elevation. A correction scheme based on data statistics and fitting is proposed to decrease the bias within 1 dB. By the comparison through vertical structures, the dependability of the above method is testified, and the resolution of X-PAR is also higher than C-POL, which is significant for convective precipitation research.The actual performance of phased array antenna could not keep strictly consistent with theoretical value because of its complicated structure. The result suggests that antenna measurement and digital T/R test during the factory inspection and acceptance are very indispensable. In the future field experiments, a well-calibrated radar should be installed at the same position to correct the X-PAR observation bias. |
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| Keywords: | X band phased array weather radar reflectivity factor quantitative measurement |
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