Temporal characteristics of the Beijing urban heat island |
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| Authors: | W Liu C Ji J Zhong X Jiang Z Zheng |
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| Institution: | (1) Institute of Urban Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China;(2) Beijing Meteorological Observatory, China |
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| Abstract: | Summary This paper describes the inter-annual trend, and the seasonal and hourly variation of the near surface urban heat island (UHI)
in Beijing. The surface air temperature data (mean, maximum, and minimum) from one urban (downtown Beijing) and one rural
(70 km from downtown Beijing) station were used for the period 1977 and 2000. It is found that the temperatures in both urban
and rural stations show an increasing tendency. Specifically, minimum temperature shows the greatest tendency at the urban
station whereas maximum temperature shows the greatest increase at the rural station. The UHI intensity obtained by calculating
the difference in temperatures between the two stations identifies that the intensity is greatest and has the greatest increasing
trend for minimum temperature, while the UHI intensity of maximum temperature shows a slow decrease over time. UHI intensity
for minimum temperature has a strong positive correlation with the increase in the urban population and the expansion of the
yearly construction area. Seasonal analyses showed the UHI intensity is strongest in winter. This seasonal UHI variation tends
to be negatively correlated with the seasonal variation of relative humidity and vapor pressure. Hourly variation reveals
that the strongest UHI intensity is observed in the late nighttime or evening, while the weakest is observed during the day. |
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