| 1961-2016年中国西北地区陆地水分收支的年代际变化特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 王爱慧,缪月,陈玥.1961-2016年中国西北地区陆地水分收支的年代际变化特征[J].大气科学学报,2020,43(6):953-966. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王爱慧 缪月 陈玥 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院大气物理研究所竺可桢-南森国际研究中心(NZC),北京100029;应急管理部国家自然灾害防治研究院,北京100085;中国科学院大气物理研究所竺可桢-南森国际研究中心(NZC),北京100029;中国科学院大学,北京100049;兰州大学大气科学学院,兰州甘肃730020 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家杰出青年基金项目（41925021）;国家自然科学基金资助项目（41875106） |
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| 摘 要： | 利用观测气象数据集（CN05.1）、地表水文数据集（VIC-CN05.1）以及大气再分析数据（JRA55）分析了我国西北地区1961-2016年暖季（5-9月）陆地水分收支的长期和年代际变化特征。通过对陆地水分收支（Land Water Availability,LWA）时间序列作Mann-Kendall突变检验,将1961-2016年划分为3个时段进行进一步分析（P1：1961-1978年;P2：1979-2008年;P3：2009-2016年）。主要结论如下：在1961-2016年间西北地区LWA呈上升趋势,区域平均的LWA时间序列具有明显的年代际特征。三个时段的LWA距平百分率分别为-5.45%、-0.46%和13.99%,总体表现为"减少-不变-增加"的特征,尤其是近些年地表水资源增加明显。三个时段的LWA距平百分率空间分布差异显著,尤其在新疆中部、甘肃东部和陕西。西北地区总体上水汽通量输送和垂直速度与降水年代际变化特征基本一致,且区域特征明显。西北地区蒸发受降水、向下长波辐射通量和风速变化影响显著。
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| 关 键 词： | 西北暖季 陆地水分收支LWA Mann-Kendall突变检验 水汽输送 垂直运动 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020/11/12 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020/12/11 0:00:00 |
Interdecadal variation of land water budget in Northwest China from 1961 to 2016 |
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| WANG Aihui,MIAO Yue,CHEN Yue.Interdecadal variation of land water budget in Northwest China from 1961 to 2016[J].大气科学学报,2020,43(6):953-966. |
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| Authors: | WANG Aihui MIAO Yue CHEN Yue |
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| Institution: | Nansen-Zhu International Research Center, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;National Institute of Natural Hazards, Ministry of Emergency Management of China, Beijing 100085, China;Nansen-Zhu International Research Center, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China |
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| Abstract: | In recent decades,the "warming and wetting" in Northwest China has become the consensus of the scientific community,and much research has been conducted regarding water and heat transport between land and atmosphere.Station observations show that the annual precipitation has been increasing since the early 1980s under the land surface warming background.As a notable arid-semiarid regions,the social and economic developments in Northwest China is strongly dependent on water resources.The land water availability (LWA),which is the residual of precipitation and evaporation,typically denotes natural water resources.However,the long-term characteristics and decadal variability of LWA in Northwest China are not clear,due to the lack of a reliable and long-term evaporation dataset.In our previous work,a long-term 0.25 deg daily land surface hydrological and fluxes dataset (referred as to VIC-CN05.1) was developed,and has provided a high quality evaporation dataset for exploring LWA variability.In the present study,we analyze the long-term and decadal characteristics of the land water budget in the northwestern region during the 1961-2016 warm season (May-September).The station observational meteorology dataset (CN05.1) VIC-CN05.1 and atmospheric reanalysis (JRA55) are used.The Mann-Kendal mutation test is adopted to test the LWA time series,and two abrupt change points in 1979 and 2008 are detected.Next,the studied period is divided into three sub-periods (P1:1961-1978;P2:1979-2008;P3:2009-2016) for further analysis.The main conclusions of the study are as follows:From 1961 to 2016,the LWA in the Northwest China warm season shows an upward tendency.The regional mean LWA time series exhibits obvious decadal characteristics,and the LWA anomaly percentage in the three periods are -5.45%,-0.46% and 13.99%,respectively,showing a general characteristic of "decreasing-invariable-increasing".The spatial distributions of the LWA change are significantly different in the three periods,particularly in central Xinjiang,eastern Gansu and Shaanxi Provinces.Sufficient water vapor and rising motion are the necessary conditions for precipitation,and the atmospheric circulation has a major influence on precipitation change in Northwest China.The changes in water vapor flux transport and vertical velocity in Northwest China are basically consistent with the decadal variation characteristics of precipitation overall,with obvious regional difference distribution characteristics.Evaporation in Northwest China is closely related to near-surface meteorological elements,and is mainly affected by precipitation,downward longwave radiation and wind speed.It should be noted that we treat the Northwest China region as a whole,although this region exhibits a high degree of LWA spatially heterogeneity.In the future,it is necessary to analyze the LWA change in different sub-regions.Moreover,the effects of land use change and human activities on water resources must also be considered. |
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| Keywords: | Northwest China warm season|Land Water Availability (LWA)|M-K mutation test|water vapor transport|vertical movement |
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