| 应用印痕函数研究测风塔资料代表性 |
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| 引用本文： | 全利红,袁春红,王丙兰.应用印痕函数研究测风塔资料代表性[J].Acta Meteorologica Sinica,2016,74(3):442-449. |
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| 作者姓名： | 全利红 袁春红 王丙兰 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国气象局公共气象服务中心, 北京, 100081,中国气象局公共气象服务中心, 北京, 100081,中国气象局公共气象服务中心, 北京, 100081 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家科技部科技基础性工作专项(2013FY112400)、国家自然科学基金青年基金项目 (41405011)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 影响测风塔代表性的因素很多,为了合理地确定测风塔观测结果能够代表的区域范围,需要通过适当的方法综合考虑这些因素。湍流通量代表性研究中常用的印痕函数是风速、稳定度、下垫面粗糙度等的函数,可以定量地刻画单点观测结果的代表性。利用印痕函数方法对中国风能资源观测网中来自不同下垫面的44个测风塔2010年的观测结果进行了测风塔资料的代表性分析。首先,根据两层(10、70 m)的风速和温度计算稳定度参数Lp并确定中性层结,粗糙度的计算选取了中性层结条件下满足对数风廓线的资料。然后,利用中性层结下70 m高度主导风向和风向频率较大方位的资料分析了两种印痕函数方法(Schuepp和Hsieh方法)的适用性及代表性范围与粗糙度的关系。两种方法得到的印痕函数对应距离(即代表性范围)比较接近。但是,在复杂山地Schuepp方法已不适用。当粗糙度小于10 m时,粗糙度与印痕函数对应距离的关系可用对数-线性函数描述。根据经验推荐了利用印痕函数积分90%对应的距离以及下垫面显著变化位置来确定测风塔代表范围。但是,印痕函数积分阈值仍需要通过示踪实验或数值模拟检验。
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| 关 键 词： | 测风塔 印痕函数 粗糙度 代表性范围 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015/10/22 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2016/3/16 0:00:00 |
Application of footprint function in characterizing the representation of wind tower data |
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| QUAN Lihong,YUAN Chunhong and WANG Binglan.Application of footprint function in characterizing the representation of wind tower data[J].Acta Meteorologica Sinica,2016,74(3):442-449. |
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| Authors: | QUAN Lihong YUAN Chunhong and WANG Binglan |
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| Institution: | Public Meteorological Service Center of Chinese Meteorology Administration, Beijing 100081, China,Public Meteorological Service Center of Chinese Meteorology Administration, Beijing 100081, China and Public Meteorological Service Center of Chinese Meteorology Administration, Beijing 100081, China |
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| Abstract: | There are many factors that can affect the representation of wind tower data. These factors should be completely considered in order to obtain the reasonable fetch of wind tower data. Footprint function, usually applied to investigate the representation of turbulent flux, is a function of the wind speed, stability, and overlying surface roughness length, etc. Footprint function can be used to quantitatively characterize the representation of observational data at one spot. Thereby, it has been introduced to study the representation of wind tower data collected at 44 wind towers on various overlying surfaces in 2010. These wind towers are part of the national wind energy resource observation net. The stability parameter Lp is calculated first using the observed wind speeds and temperature at two levels (10 and 70 m) and data under the condition of neutral stratification is determined based on Lp. The roughness length is then calculated using the data that follow the logarithm wind profile in the neutral stratification condition. The data in prevailing and sub-prevailing wind directions at 70 m under neutral stratification condition is applied to investigate the applicability of two footprint functions (Schuepp and Hsieh functions) and the relationship between the roughness length and the fetch of wind tower data. The fetches obtained by the two methods are close to each other. However, Schuepp method cannot be used in complex terrain area. The relationship between the fetch and the roughness length can be described by a log-linear function. The distance at 90% of integral footprint function and the location at which the overlying surface changes obviously are recommended as two critical parameters to determine the representative distance of wind tower data in this study. However, trajectory experiments or numerical simulations are still needed for the determination of the threshold value of footprint function. |
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| Keywords: | Wind tower Footprint function Roughness Fetch |
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