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天津地区两次副高边缘特大暴雨过程的多尺度对比分析
引用本文:张楠,何群英,刘一玮,余文韬,王庆元,胡玲.天津地区两次副高边缘特大暴雨过程的多尺度对比分析[J].湖北气象,2014(4):372-379.
作者姓名:张楠  何群英  刘一玮  余文韬  王庆元  胡玲
作者单位:天津市气象台;
基金项目:中国气象局预报员专项(CMAYBY2014-004);天津市气象局课题(TJQX2013-015)
摘    要:利用常规观测资料、加密自动站资料、NCEP 1°×1°再分析资料、卫星云图资料、多普勒天气雷达资料和雷达变分同化分析系统(VDRAS)资料、风廓线资料,对2012年7月21—22日和25—26日两次特大暴雨过程(分别简称"7·21"过程和"7·25"过程)进行对比分析。结果表明:(1)"7·21"过程的主要影响系统是低槽和地面冷锋,暴雨发生前,其动力条件较好;而"7·25"过程属于槽前暖区降水,其发生前热力不稳定条件较好。(2)两次过程中,台风"韦森特"顶部的东南气流与副高边缘的偏南气流共同构成了这两次华北暴雨的水汽通道,但两支气流辐合的位置不同。(3)"7·21"过程在冷空气侵入后,槽前辐合明显,对流组织性加强,而"7·25"过程主要是由中低层南风风速辐合导致;两次过程的维持机制均与雷暴高压的出流与偏南气流辐合有关;"7·21"过程中尺度对流系统伴随着高空槽系统的东移南压,自西北向东南方向移动,而"7·25"过程中尺度对流系统则是在西南气流引导下,自西南向东北移动。

关 键 词:副高边缘  特大暴雨  多尺度  动力机制  水汽输送

Multi-scale comparative analysis of two torrential rain events in Tianjin on the edge of the Subtropical High
ZHANG Nan,HE Qunying,LIU Yiwei,YU Wentao,Wang Qingyuan,HU Ling.Multi-scale comparative analysis of two torrential rain events in Tianjin on the edge of the Subtropical High[J].Meteorology Journal of Hubei,2014(4):372-379.
Authors:ZHANG Nan  HE Qunying  LIU Yiwei  YU Wentao  Wang Qingyuan  HU Ling
Institution:( Tianjin Meteorological Observatory, Tianjin 300074)
Abstract:Based on conventional meteorological data, intensive AWS data, NCEP 1°× 1 ° reanalysis data, satellite brightness temperature data, Doppler radar data, VDRAS data and wind profiler data, two torrential rain events in July 2012 were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) as to the causes of the precipitation, the "7·21" event belonged to a "frontal precipitation", which had more favorable dynamic conditions, while the "7· 25" event belonged to a "warm area precipitation", which had statically more unstable conditions. (2) The southeast airflow at the top of typhoon "Vicent" , and the southerly airflow at the edge of subtropical high constitute water vapor channels for the two heavy rain events in North China, although their convergence areas were different. (3) After cold air intrusion, the convective system of the "7·21" event was more well-organized, while the "7· 25" event was triggered by the convergence in southerly flow. The maintaining mechanism of the two torrential rain events were both related to the convergence of thunderstorm outflow and the southerly flow. The MCS in the "7·21" event moved from northwest to southeast, as the trough line moving to the east, but the MCS in the "7 · 25" events moved from southwest to northeast, which was forced by southwesterly flow.
Keywords:the edge of subtropical high  torrential rain  multi-scale analysis  dynamic mechanism  water vapor transport
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