| 中国探空观测与第3代再分析大气湿度资料的对比研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 张思齐,郭艳君,王国复.中国探空观测与第3代再分析大气湿度资料的对比研究[J].气象学报,2018,76(2):289-303. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张思齐 郭艳君 王国复 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国气象科学研究院, 北京, 100081 |
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| 基金项目： | 公益性（气象）行业科研专项（GYHY201406017、GYHY201506002）、自然科学基金面上项目（41675094）、中国气象局气候变化专项（CCSF201701、CCSF201801）、国家气候中心开放课题青年基金（2017）。 |
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| 摘 要： | 为评估中国探空观测与第3代再分析大气湿度资料的差异，基于ERA-Interim、JRA-55、MERRA和CFSR再分析和中国118探空站1979-2015年逐月850-300 hPa大气比湿和相对湿度的原始值及均一化序列，通过分析探空与再分析资料的相对偏差、相关系数、标准差比和变化趋势，研究了两者在多年平均值、年际变率、离散度及长期变化趋势等方面的差异。结果表明，中国探空原始湿度序列存在显著的非均一性问题，均一化提高了序列的连续性，但存在显著的低偏差，总体较原始湿度偏低5%-43%。再分析中国平均对流层大气比湿和相对湿度较探空观测偏高，相对湿度的偏差幅度（7%-48%）较比湿大（4%-13%），对流层高层较低层大，春秋季偏差较夏季显著。各再分析资料间的差别较小，JRA-55在对流层高层较其他再分析资料偏低，与探空观测较接近。再分析与均一化后中国探空比湿和相对湿度年际变率和离散度在对流层低层较为一致，对流层中高层再分析资料的离散度明显高于探空。再分析与均一化探空中国平均比湿在对流层低层一致呈上升趋势；对流层中层探空为上升趋势，再分析资料为下降趋势。再分析与均一化探空相对湿度变化趋势差异较大，探空为上升趋势且对流层中高层上升显著，对流层再分析为下降趋势。
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| 关 键 词： | 探空观测 再分析 中国 比湿 相对湿度 对比 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017/3/11 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2017/11/2 0:00:00 |
A comparative study of atmospheric humidity over China between radiosonde and the third generation reanalysis datasets |
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| ZHANG Siqi,GUO Yanjun and Wang Guofu.A comparative study of atmospheric humidity over China between radiosonde and the third generation reanalysis datasets[J].Acta Meteorologica Sinica,2018,76(2):289-303. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Siqi GUO Yanjun and Wang Guofu |
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| Institution: | 1.Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China2.National Climate Center, Beijing 100081, China3.Laboratory for Climate Studies, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China |
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| Abstract: | Based on quality controlled (RAW) and homogenized (ADJ) radiosonde humidity collected at 118 stations in China and monthly mean specific humidity and relative humidity from four reanalysis datasets (REA) including ERA-Interim, JRA-55, MERRA and CFSR, a preliminary comparison of upper air specific humidity and relative humidity over China between radiosonde data and the 3rd generation reanalysis datasets is conducted. The relative differences, correlations, standard deviations and linear trends during 1979-2015 derived from RAW, ADJ and REA are analyzed. The results reveal significant discontinuities in the time series of RAW radiosonde humidity in China. Homogenization has improved the continuity of time series of humidity but introduced significant dry biases, which explains why ADJ is 5%-43% lower than RAW. The averaged specific humidity and relative humidity over China from REA are generally higher than those from radiosonde and the differences in relative humidity (7%-48%) are higher than that in specific humidity (4%-13%). Meanwhile, the differences in the upper troposphere are larger than those in the lower troposphere. The differences in spring and autumn are more significant than those in summer. The specific humidity and relative humidity from the four reanalysis datasets are highly consistent, whereas that from the JRA-55 are relatively more similar to radiosonde with lower humidity than other three reanalysis products. Correlations and standard deviation ratios of specific humidity and relative humidity demonstrate a higher consistency regarding annual variability and dispersion in the lower troposphere between REA and ADJ, and the dispersion in REA is obviously higher than that in ADJ in the middle and upper troposphere. The linear trends of specific humidity are consistent between REA and ADJ in the lower troposphere, where both show a wetting trend, but different in the middle troposphere, where a wetting trend is found in ADJ and a drying trend is found in REA. The linear trends of relative humidity in the troposphere are obviously different between REA and ADJ, i.e., a drying trend is found in REA in the troposphere while a wetting trend and an even more significant wetting trend in the middle and upper troposphere from ADJ. |
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| Keywords: | Radiosonde observation Reanalysis China Specific humidity Relative humidity Inter-comparison |
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