| 近50年中国干湿气候界线波动及其成因初探 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨建平,丁永建,陈仁升,刘连友.近50年中国干湿气候界线波动及其成因初探[J].气象学报,2003,61(3):364-373. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨建平 丁永建 陈仁升 刘连友 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,兰州,730000
2. 北京师范大学资源与环境研究所,北京,100875 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院知识创新重大项目 (KZCX1-10 -0 6)，沙漠化973项目 (2 0 0 0 0 4870 5 ) |
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| 摘 要： | 文中在 10a际尺度上详细分析了中国干湿气候界线波动与气候的干湿变化 ,得出 :过去 5 0a中国干湿气候界线波动显著 ,区域差异大 ,呈现出整体移动和东西、南北相异波动的特征。 2 0世纪 6 0～ 70年代中国干湿气候存在一次突变 ,由较湿润变为干旱 ,但各地干旱程度不同。干湿气候界线波动与气候的干湿变化具有显著的年代际特征。在此基础上分析了气候界线波动的可能原因 ,中国干湿气候界线的波动与气候的干湿变化是西太平洋副热带高压强度位置导致的东南季风、孟加拉湾暖流所导致的西南季风以及高原季风、中纬度西风环流等综合作用的结果。中国各地区干湿位相变化不一致 ,区域差异大 ,是不同环流以及环流的不同强弱组合所致。东南季风、西南季风、高原季风、中纬度西风环流、西太平洋副热带高压的年代际变化是过去 5 0a中国干湿气候界线波动与气候干湿变化年代际变化的根本原因。 2 0世纪 6 0～ 70年代的干湿突变 ,是整个北半球大气环流异常的结果
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| 关 键 词： | 干燥度指数 干湿气候界线 波动 原因分析 |
| 收稿时间： | 6/6/2002 12:00:00 AM |
| 修稿时间： | 2002年6月6日 |
THE FLUCTUATION OF DRY AND WET CLIMATE BOUNDARY AND ITS CAUSAL ANALYSES IN CHINA |
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| Yang Jianping,Ding Yongjian,Chen Rensheng and Liu Lianyou.THE FLUCTUATION OF DRY AND WET CLIMATE BOUNDARY AND ITS CAUSAL ANALYSES IN CHINA[J].Acta Meteorologica Sinica,2003,61(3):364-373. |
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| Authors: | Yang Jianping Ding Yongjian Chen Rensheng and Liu Lianyou |
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| Institution: | Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000;Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000;Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000;Resources and Environment Institute, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875 |
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| Abstract: | Based on the yearly precipitation, annual mean wind, solar radiation data during 1951-1999 of 295 stations, the aridity index is calculated in this paper. According to aridity index( D ), the climatic regions in China are delineated into three types, namely, arid region, semi-arid region and humid region. D =0.20 is the boundary between arid and semi-arid region. D =0.50 is the boundary between semi-arid and humid climate region. Dry and wet climate in China fluctuate markedly and differentiate greatly in each region over past 50 years. Semi-arid region is the transitional region between humid and arid regions, the border belt of monsoon in China and the susceptible region of environmental evolution. During 1960's and 1970's dry and wet climate in China had abrupt changes, which turned wetness into drought. Moreover, drought has an increasing trend. Dry and wet climate boundaries show the fluctuation characteristics of the whole shifts and the opposite fluctuations in east, west, south and north directions. The fluctuation of climatic boundary and the dry and wet variation of climate have substantial inter-decadal features. The main factors affecting the fluctuations of dry and wet climate boundary and the dry and wet variations of climate in China are southeast monsoon, southwest monsoon, plateau monsoon in the Tibetan Plateau, westerly circulation, and West Pacific subtropical high. The different circulation and the strong and weak combination of different circulation result in the regional difference of dry and wet climate change in China. Inter-decadal changes of the fluctuation of dry and wet climate boundaries and of arid and humid change of climate result from the inter-decadal variations of southeast monsoon, southwest monsoon, plateau monsoon in the Tibetan Plateau, westerly circulation, and West Pacific subtropical high. The anomalous atmospheric circulation of Northern Hemisphere in 1960's and 1970's was the causes for the abrupt change of arid and humid climate. |
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| Keywords: | The index of aridity Dry and wet climate boundary Fluctuation Causal analysis |
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