| 热带气旋眼墙非对称结构的研究综述 |
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| 引用本文： | 费建芳,刘磊,黄小刚,程小平.热带气旋眼墙非对称结构的研究综述[J].气象学报,2013,71(5):987-995. |
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| 作者姓名： | 费建芳 刘磊 黄小刚 程小平 |
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| 作者单位： | 解放军理工大学气象海洋学院, 南京, 211101;解放军理工大学气象海洋学院, 南京, 211101;解放军理工大学气象海洋学院, 南京, 211101;解放军理工大学气象海洋学院, 南京, 211101 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金重点项目(41230421);国家公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201106004);国家自然科学基金青年项目(41005029,41105065)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 热带气旋的眼墙非对称结构与其发展过程密切相关。在热带气旋移动过程中,非对称风场伴随着边界层内非对称摩擦而引起的辐合,影响着热带气旋眼墙内的对流分布。此外,风垂直切变作为影响热带气旋强度的重要因子,将上层暖心吹离表层环流,引起眼墙垂直运动的非对称,导致云、降水在方位角方向的非均匀分布。当存在平均涡度的径向梯度时,罗斯贝类型的波动可以存在于涡旋内核区域,影响眼墙非对称结构。海洋为热带气旋提供潜热和感热形式的能量,是热带气旋发展的重要能量来源,关于海洋如何影响热带气旋眼墙非对称结构的相关研究较少。文中着重回顾了热带气旋与海洋相互作用的研究成果,并提出海洋影响热带气旋眼墙非对称结构的机制。海洋对热带气旋最显著的响应特征是冷尾效应,该效应通过降低海表温度,减少海洋向大气输送的潜热和感热,从而影响热带气旋眼墙非对称结构。此外,海浪改变海表粗糙度,通过边界层影响移动热带气旋的眼墙结构。
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| 关 键 词： | 热带气旋 眼墙 非对称结构 综述 |
| 收稿时间： | 2012/7/17 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2013/5/10 0:00:00 |
Review of the studies of the asymmetric structure of the eyewall of a tropical cyclone |
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| FEI Jianfang,LIU Lei,HUANG Xiaogang and CHENG Xiaoping.Review of the studies of the asymmetric structure of the eyewall of a tropical cyclone[J].Acta Meteorologica Sinica,2013,71(5):987-995. |
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| Authors: | FEI Jianfang LIU Lei HUANG Xiaogang and CHENG Xiaoping |
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| Institution: | College of Meteorology and Oceanography, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 211101, China;College of Meteorology and Oceanography, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 211101, China;College of Meteorology and Oceanography, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 211101, China;College of Meteorology and Oceanography, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 211101, China |
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| Abstract: | The asymmetric structure of a tropical cyclone (TC) is closely related to its development, so it has great practical significance to research the asymmetrical structure of the eyewall in improving the intensity forecast. During the TC translation, the asymmetric friction induces winds convergence and influences the distribution of convection within the eyewall. Vertical shear as one of the important factors that impact TC intensity blows the upper warmer core apart from its surface circulation. The shear first induces asymmetry of vertical movement, and then causes clouds and rainfall asymmetry in the azimuthal direction. The radial gradient of potential vorticity causes waves in the vortex inner core, which are similar to Rossby waves and affect the asymmetric structure. The ocean as the important energy source supplies plenty of sensible and latent heat. However, it is paid little attention about how the sea surface influences the asymmetry of the TC eyewall. We reviewed the studies of the air-sea interaction under TC conditions, in which the most evident characteristic of the ocean response is the cold wake effect. The sea surface temperature (SST) cooling reduces the sensible and latent heat transportation from the ocean to the atmosphere and impacts the asymmetry of the eyewall. In addition, the sea surface roughness influenced by waves has impacts on the asymmetry of the eyewall through the air-sea boundary layer. |
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| Keywords: | Tropical cyclone Eyewall Asymmetric structure Review |
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