| 我国的大气透明状况 |
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| 引用本文： | 王炳忠,潘根娣.我国的大气透明状况[J].气象学报,1982,40(4):443-452. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王炳忠 潘根娣 |
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| 作者单位： | 中央气象局气象科学研究院
(王炳忠)，中央气象局气象中心(潘根娣) |
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| 摘 要： | 根据全国65个甲种日射站自建站起至1978年9:30,12:30,15:30各时次直接辐射的观测资料,计算了大气透明系数。为了便于各地间的比较和绘制全国分布图,所有各时次的资料都统一订正到M=2的情况下,计算中太阳常数取值S_0=1.98卡厘米~(-2)分~(-1)。 就我国的具体情况而论,地势对大气透明度的影响最为显著,直接的结果是:高原为透明度高值区,盆地为低值区。 分析了影响大气透明度的两个重要因子——水汽和气溶胶的分布特点,以及它们之间的比例关系。水汽对辐射的吸收系根据探空资料求得的整层大气的含水量按Mugge和Muller的公式计算的。
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| 收稿时间： | 1981/3/25 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 1981/7/20 0:00:00 |
THE STATE OF ATMOSPHERIC TRANSPARENCY OVER CHINA |
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| Wang Bing-zhong and Pan Gen-di.THE STATE OF ATMOSPHERIC TRANSPARENCY OVER CHINA[J].Acta Meteorologica Sinica,1982,40(4):443-452. |
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| Authors: | Wang Bing-zhong and Pan Gen-di |
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| Institution: | Academy of Meteorological Science, Central Meteorological Service;National Meteorological Center, Central Meteorological Service |
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| Abstract: | Based on the data of direct radiation measured at 9.30, 12.30 and 15.30 true solar time daily at 65 solar radiation stations in China, up to 1978,the atmospheric transparency coefficient has been calculated. For the convenience of comparison among various regions and for presenting distribution charts, the data have been corrected to M=2. Solar constant is taken as S0=1.98 cal/cm2 min.Topography affects atmospheric transparency significantly, high transparenc being on the plateaus while low value in lowlands. The distribution characteristics of the two major factors affecting the atmospheric transparency, water vapour and aerosol, are analyzed. The radiation absorbed by water vapour is calculated according to Muegge and Mueller formulae using the vapour content in air column obtained from radiosonde data. |
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