| 贵州铜仁2019年1月两次空气污染过程及其气象条件特征分析 |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨群 胡萍 茅海祥 |
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| 作者单位： | 贵州省铜仁市气象局,贵州省铜仁市气象局,贵州省铜仁市气象局 |
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| 基金项目： | 贵州省科技厅项目（黔科合基础[2018]1158）资助,中国气象局预报员专项（CMAYBY2020-116），铜仁市科技支撑计划项目（铜市科研[2020]24号）共同资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 2019年1月铜仁市发生了中到重度污染过程，本文利用铜仁市城区逐时环境监测资料，高空及地面气象观测资料，分析了本次污染过程气象条件特征。结果表明，此次首要污染物为细颗粒物（PM2.5）。污染天气发生时，铜仁上空是高压脊或一致的西南气流，地面为冷高压或均压区控制，气压梯度小，风小；当转为高空槽前，地面有冷空气补充，气压梯度增大时，污染物浓度得到降低。同时风速和相对湿度大小跟污染物浓度也有一定关系，地面风速小，空气干燥时，污染物浓度增加；相反，风速增大达4m/s以上，空气相对湿度增大达90%以上，特别是明显的雨雪天气发生时，污染物浓度得到快速降低。另外，污染天气伴随有近地层逆温层持续影响，逆温层厚度越厚，且逆温强度越强，抑制了大气垂直方向的湍流交换，有利于污染物浓度累积增长。受梵净山地形阻挡作用，当近地层为弱偏东风影响时，污染物不能翻越梵净山向西扩散，会在山的东侧堆积，导致铜仁城区污染物在本地循环累积，污染浓度维持较大值。上述研究结果，可为铜仁市空气质量预报及污染防控提供新的参考依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 空气污染 铜仁市 环流形势 气象因素 逆温层 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020/7/17 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020/12/29 0:00:00 |
The analysis of two air pollution processes and eteorological conditions of Tongren in January 2019 |
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| Authors: | Yangqun Huping and Mao Haixiang |
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| Institution: | Tongren meteorological bureau of guizhou province,Tongren,Tongren meteorological bureau of guizhou province,Tongren,Tongren meteorological bureau of guizhou province,Tongren |
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| Abstract: | In January 2019, the moderate to severe pollution process occurred in Tongren, this paper based on the time-by-time environmental monitoring data,high-altitude and ground meteorological observation data in urban areas of Tongren,the meteorological condition characteristics of the pollution process in Tongren was analyzed. The results showed that the primary pollutant was fine particulate matter (PM2.5). When the pollution weather occurs, the sky over Tongren is a high-pressure ridge or a consistent southwest air flow, the ground is cold high-pressure or average pressure zone control, the air pressure gradient is small, the wind speed is small, when converted to high-altitude trough, the ground has cold air supplement, air pressure gradient increased, the concentration of pollutants is reduced. At the same time, the wind speed related to the relative humidity and the concentration of pollutants , when the ground wind speed is small and the air is dry, the concentration of pollutants increased;On the contrary, the wind speed increases to more than 4m/s, and the relative humidity of the air increases to more than 90%. Especially when there is obvious rain and snow, the concentration of pollutants decreases rapidly. In addition, the pollution weather is accompanied by the continuous influence of the inversion layer of the near strata, the thicker the thickness of inversion layer , and the stronger the intensity of inversion layer, inhibits the vertical direction of the atmosphere turbulence exchange, is conducive to the cumulative growth of pollutant concentration. By the terrain of Mount Fanjing blocking, when the near formation is affected by the weak easterly wind, pollutants can not cross Mount Fanjing to the west, will accumulate on the east side of Mount Fanjing, resulting in the accumulation of pollutants in the local circulation of urban areas in Tongren, pollution concentration to maintain a large value. The above results can provide a new reference for air quality forecasting and pollution prevention and control in Tongren. |
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| Keywords: | AirSpollution Tongren circulation feature Meteorological factors Inversion layer |
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