| 2013年春季一次沙尘暴天气成因分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 武威,;顾佳佳,;牛淑贞.2013年春季一次沙尘暴天气成因分析[J].河南气象,2014(4):71-79. |
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| 作者姓名： | 武威 ;顾佳佳 ;牛淑贞 |
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| 作者单位： | [1]驻马店市气象局,河南驻马店463000; [2]漯河市气象局,河南漯河462300; [3]河南省气象台,郑州450003 |
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| 基金项目： | 河南省科学技术厅2011年度重要科研项目（112102310033）;河南省气象局项目（Z201201）资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用常规观测资料和NCEP 1°×1°格点分析资料，对2013年春季北方一次大范围沙尘暴过程天气成因进行了分析。结果表明：这次沙尘暴过程是在前期降水稀少、地表疏松、气温偏高的气候背景下，由槽后冷空气补充南下，伴随地面冷锋移动引发的。强冷空气由西北路径入侵，蒙古气旋的发展，配合强冷空气形成的密集气压梯度区，为大风的产生提供了良好的条件。地面气象要素的剧烈变化，往往超前于沙尘暴的暴发，可作为沙尘暴预报的重要依据。强烈的上升运动和低层辐合、高层辐散的配置，为起沙提供了动力条件。沙尘暴区螺旋度分布为高层负值、低层正值，中低层螺旋度正值中心区与沙尘暴发生区具有较好的一致性。冷暖平流之间的转化使地面气压发生变化，产生变压风，风力加大导致锋面附近激发出气流的垂直运动，容易将地面沙尘吹起上扬，形成沙尘天气。
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| 关 键 词： | 沙尘暴 强冷空气 成因分析 动力和热力特征 |
Cause Analysis of a Sandstorm Process in 2013 Spring |
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| Institution: | Wu Wei, Gu Jiajia , Niu Shuzhen ( 1. Zhumadian Meteorological Office, Zhumadian 463000, China; 2. Luohe Meteorological Office, Luohe 462300, China; 3. Henan Provincial Meteorological Observatory, Zhengzhou 450003, China) |
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| Abstract: | By use of the conventional observation data and NCEP 1°×1°grid reanalysis data, the weather cause for the large scale sandstorm process in northern occurred in the spring of 2013 is ana- lyzed. The results showed that the dust weather was caused by the cold air from the supplement in the low press trough along with the cold front of the surface in the climate background of scarce precipitation, sur- face porosity and high temperature. Strong cold air invasion from the northwest path, Mongolian cyclone development, with the pressure gradient zone caused by the cold air, provided good conditions for the generation of the wind. The dramatic changes in the surface meteorological elements often ahead of the outbreak of the sandstorms could be used as an important basis for the forecasting of the sandstorms. Strong upward motion and low-level convergence, upper-level divergence configuration, provided the im- petus for the sand conditions. The helicity in the sandstorm district was high-lever negative and low-lever positive. The positive helicity in the middle-low center area and sandstorms had better consistency. The transformation between warm and cold advection changed the ground pressure and transformer wind was generated, the vertical airflow movement near frontal resulted by increased wind, was easy to blow up sand and dust in the ground. |
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| Keywords: | sandstorm strong cold air cause analysis dynamic and thermodynamic characteristics |
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