| 2000年以来中国区域植被变化及其对气候变化的响应 |
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| 引用本文： | 赵倩倩,张京朋,赵天保,李建华.2000年以来中国区域植被变化及其对气候变化的响应[J].高原气象,2021,40(2):292-301. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赵倩倩 张京朋 赵天保 李建华 |
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| 作者单位： | 宁夏大学资源环境学院,宁夏银川 750021;西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌 712100;中国科学院东亚区域气候-环境重点实验室,北京 100029 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFA0600402);国家自然科学基金项目(41675094,41975115)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 气候是植被变化的主要驱动因子,研究全球增暖背景下中国区域植被变化及其对气候的响应对于国家开展重大生态恢复评估和未来植被保护政策制定具有重要意义。利用2000-2016年MODIS植被指数(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index,NDVI)数据集,运用统计分析方法,从平均态、线性趋势、时间序列、相关性等方面系统分析了2000年以来中国区域植被变化及其对气候变化的响应。结果表明:中国区域NDVI在平均态上呈现从东南向西北递减的空间分布,受降水生长季的影响,东部地区植被指数明显较大;我国大部分地区NDVI呈现增加的趋势,其中湿润半湿润地区NDVI增长幅度为0.037·(10a)-1,而在干旱半干旱地区变化较小0.013·(10a)-1]。NDVI的变化与气候驱动因素的相关性存在一定的区域差异,其中:NDVI与气温变化在东南沿海、东北东部以及青藏高原北部等地区呈现出显著正相关,而在青藏高原南部等地区呈现微弱的负相关;除青藏高原、塔里木盆地和东北北部等地区外,NDVI与降水量在全国大多数地区呈正相关。从全国平均来看,温度和降水变化对NDVI的贡献分别为7.5%和9.1%,其中温度对NDVI变化的贡献主要体现在湿润半湿润地区(9.3%),而降水的贡献则在干旱半干旱地区(12.2%)。植被变化对气候要素驱动的响应也呈现出明显的区域差异性,在我国东南沿海、云贵高原东部、四川盆地等南方地区以及黄河中下游、东北东部等部分地区,NDVI变化对气温的敏感性最强;而在中国北方干旱半干旱大部分地区,NDVI变化则是对降水驱动具有很显著的响应特征。总体而言,气温是驱动南方地区植被变化的主导因子,而降水则调控着北方地区植被生长变化。
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| 关 键 词： | NDVI 植被变化 气候变化 |
Vegetation Changes and Its Response to Climate Change in China Since 2000 |
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| ZHAO Qianqian,ZHANG Jingpeng,ZHAO Tianbao,LI Jianhua.Vegetation Changes and Its Response to Climate Change in China Since 2000[J].Plateau Meteorology,2021,40(2):292-301. |
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| Authors: | ZHAO Qianqian ZHANG Jingpeng ZHAO Tianbao LI Jianhua |
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| Institution: | (The College of Resources&Environmental Sciences,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China;The College of Natural Resources and Environment,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China;Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment Research for Temperate East Asia,Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China) |
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| Abstract: | Climate change is the main driving factor of vegetation change. It is of great significance to study the vegetation change and its response to climate change in China under the background of global warming for the country to carry out major ecological restoration assessment and future vegetation protection policy formulation.Using MODIS vegetation index NDVI dataset during 2000-2016 and statistical analysis method,this paper systematically analyzes the regional vegetation change and its response to climate change in China since 2000 from the aspects of average state,linear trend,time series,correlation,etc. The results show that the spatial distribution of climate mean of NDVI in China is decreasing from southeast to northwest,and vegetation index in the East is significantly larger due to the influence of precipitation during the growing season. NDVI shows an increasing trend in most areas of China,especially in humid and semi-humid areas,the growth rate of NDVI reaches 0. 037·(10 a)-1,while in arid and semi-arid areas,the change of NDVI is relatively small. In the southeast coastal areas,eastern northeast area,and northern Qinghai Tibet Plateau,NDVI has a significant positive correlation with the temperature,with the rising speed of 0. 02 ℃-1,while NDVI has a weak negative correlation with the temperature in the south of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,with the decreasing speed of more than-0. 015 ℃-1.Similarly,NDVI is positively correlated with precipitation in Sichuan Basin and Inner Mongolia,and NDVI increases by more than 0. 03 for every 100 mm increase in precipitation,NDVI is weakly negatively correlated with precipitation in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,Tarim Basin and other areas,that is,the change of precipitation has no obvious impact on NDVI. For the NDVI variation associating to climate change,the response of vegetation change to climate driving factor also shows obvious regional difference. In the southeast coast of China,the east of Yunnan Guizhou Plateau,Sichuan Basin and other southern areas,as well as the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River,the east of northeast and other parts of the region,the change of NDVI is the most sensitive to temperature. In the most arid and semi-arid areas of northern China,the change of NDVI has very significant response to precipitation. In general,the precipitation is the driver factor for most of southern China while the air temperature is the dominator for most of northern China. |
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| Keywords: | NDVI vegetation change climate change |
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