| 2007年7月新疆三次暴雨过程的水汽特征分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨莲梅,张云惠,汤浩.2007年7月新疆三次暴雨过程的水汽特征分析[J].高原气象,2012,31(4):963-973. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨莲梅 张云惠 汤浩 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 南京信息工程大学,江苏南京210044
2. 新疆气象台,新疆乌鲁木齐,830002 |
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| 基金项目： | 科技部公益性行业科研专项，国家自然科学基金项目，国家重点基础研究发展计划，中央级科研院所基本科研业务费专项 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用新疆99个气象站日降水量资料和NECP/NCAR一天4次1°×1°再分析资料,分析了2007年7月8-11日、15-17日和27-29日新疆3次暴雨过程的水汽输送和收支特征。雨型I(8-11日)的雨带位于天山山区及其北麓,雨型II(15-17日)的雨带位于新疆东部地区,雨型III(27-29日)的雨带位于天山以北的北疆地区。结果表明,这3种典型雨型的水汽输送路径有明显的差异,雨型I存在西风气流、河西走廊至新疆的低空偏东急流和青藏高原向北气流3支水汽输送路径,西方路径水汽输送量最大,这3支水汽输送气流在天山山区及其北麓强辐合并引发暴雨。这是由700hPa贝加尔湖脊发展、对流层中亚低涡强烈发展、快速东移和500hPa新疆脊逐渐东移所造成的。雨型II的水汽输送为西方、东方、南方和北方路径,4支水汽在东—西向和南—北向强辐合并引发暴雨。这种异常的水汽输送是由700hPa柴达木低压发展、500hPa乌拉尔脊东北向发展、中亚低涡东南移动和新疆脊配置所致。雨型III主要为西风气流和贝加尔湖至新疆低空偏东急流输送水汽,东、西方水汽在天山以北区域发生强辐合并造成暴雨,偏东水汽输送来自于贝加尔湖、孟加拉湾、南海和热带西太平洋,其水汽输送量大于西方路径。这种异常水汽输送是由中亚低涡东移、西太平洋副热带高压北伸与贝加尔湖脊叠加且贝加尔湖脊西伸配置所造成的。
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| 关 键 词： | 暴雨 水汽输送 水汽收支 偏东低空急流 新疆 |
Analyses on Water Vapor Characteristics in Three Heavy Rainstorm Processes of Xinjiang in July 2007 |
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| YANG Lian-mei,-,ZHANG Yun-hui,TANG Hao.Analyses on Water Vapor Characteristics in Three Heavy Rainstorm Processes of Xinjiang in July 2007[J].Plateau Meteorology,2012,31(4):963-973. |
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| Authors: | YANG Lian-mei - ZHANG Yun-hui TANG Hao |
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| Institution: | 1.Institute of Desert Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,Urumqi 830002,China; 2.Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology,Nanjing 210044,China; 3.Xinjiang Meteorology Observation,Urumqi 830002,China) |
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| Abstract: | Using the daily precipitation data at 99 stations in Xinjiang and NECP/NCAR reanalysis the atmospheric water vapor transports associated with three heavy rainstorm processes in Xinjiang in July 2007 are analyzed.The results show that pathways of water vapor transport related to heavy rainstorm patterns are very different.In Pattern I,with bigger rainbelt over Tianshan Mountains and its northern piedmont regions,follows from a convergence of the western,the southern with the eastern water vapor transport.The western water vapor transport comes from westerly and the eastern transport is associated with a strong low-level easterly jet(LLEJ) extending from Gansu to Xinjiang.The water vapor over Tibetan Plateau penetrates even more northward entering Xinjiang.The water vapor transport is resulted in collocation of the Lake Baikal high on 700 hPa,the southward of Center-Asia low and eastward shift of Xinjiang high on 500 hPa.In Pattern II,with a main rainbelt over eastern Xinjiang,is supported by the convergence of water vapor both in the east-west and in the south-north;the water vapor comes from the west along westerly,the south from Tibetan Plateau,the north by Boreas and the east by LLEJ from Lake Baikal.Abnormal water vapor transport corresponds to a southeastward extension of Ural high,development and southward moving of center-Asia vortex,Xinjiang high and developing of the Qaidam low on 700 hPa.In Pattern III,with the heavy rain to the north of Tianshan Mountains,results from the convergence of water vapor in the east-west;eastern water vapor transport comes directly from LLEJ but originally from the Lake Baikal,the Bay of Bengal,South China and the western Pacific Ocean.The anomalous water vapor transport is associated with a northward extension of the WPSH and a westward shift of Lake Baikal high,a part of tropical abundant water vapor is transported for Xinjiang,and as a result eastern water vapor import takes a dominant role.The eastern transport of anomalous water vapor occurs mainly in the lower troposphere,while the transport of southern water vapor occurs mostly in the upper troposphere. |
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| Keywords: | Heavy rainfall Water vapor transport Water vapor budget Low-level easterly jet Xinjiang |
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