| 黄河流域冬、夏季水汽输送及收支特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 李进,李栋梁,张杰.黄河流域冬、夏季水汽输送及收支特征[J].高原气象,2012,31(2):342-350. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李进 李栋梁 张杰 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京信息工程大学／气象灾害省部共建教育部重点实验室,江苏南京,210044 |
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| 基金项目： | 2010公益性行业(气象)科研专项，国家自然科学基金项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和我国实测雨量资料,对黄河流域1月和7月多年平均及旱、涝年整层积分的水汽通量、辐合(辐散)及各分区水汽收支进行了研究。结果表明,1月黄河流域无明显的水汽输送,而7月水汽沿西南、东南及西北3条路径输送,前两支气流在多年平均时主要影响黄河下游区。涝年时影响到黄河中、下游区,而上游区水汽流入较小;旱年,黄河中、上游区均无明显的水汽输送,只有下游的小范围地区受西南气流影响。各区净水汽通量分别与其地面降水的时空演变相对应,而经向净水汽通量是影响水汽收支变化及供给流域降水的主要水汽来源;涝年的水汽净收支与各边界水汽流入明显大于旱年。1月,西边界和北边界微弱的水汽输入远小于东边界和南边界的输出,各区均为水汽净辐散,不利于降水;7月,大量的水汽主要来自西边界和南边界,涝年各区均为水汽盈余,多年平均也以净辐合为主,而旱年则以水汽亏损为主。
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| 关 键 词： | 黄河流域 水汽输送 水汽通量散度 水汽收支 |
Characteristics of Water Vapor Transportation and Budget of Winter and Summer in the Yellow River Basin |
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| LI Jin,LI Dong-liang,ZHANG Jie.Characteristics of Water Vapor Transportation and Budget of Winter and Summer in the Yellow River Basin[J].Plateau Meteorology,2012,31(2):342-350. |
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| Authors: | LI Jin LI Dong-liang ZHANG Jie |
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| Institution: | (Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education/Nanjing University of Information and Science Technology,Nanjing 210044,China) |
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| Abstract: | Using the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data and the observed rainfall data,the water vapor flux,the water vapor convergence(divergence) and water vapor budget in every sub-region of January and July over the Yellow River basin in drought/flood years and multi-year mean are studied.The results indicate that water vapor transport is insignificant in January,while in July the water vapor is transported from Southwest,Southeast and Northwest China to the Yellow River basin,and the lower reach Yellow River of multi-year mean is mainly influenced by the first two airflows.In the flood years,the southwest and southeast water vapor have obvious impact on middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River basin,while its upper reach region is rarely influenced;In the drought years,the water vapor transport to neither the upper nor middle reaches of the Yellow River basin,only the southwest water vapor transports to the lower reach region.Spatial and temporal variations of water vapor budget correspond to that of precipitation over every sub-region,respectively,while the meridional net water vapor flux is the main supply for the water vapor budget and precipitation.The net water budget and the water vapor input to every boundaries in flood years are significantly larger than those of in drought years.In January,the weak water vapor input from the west and the north boundaries is much smaller than the output from the east and the south boundary,leading to moisture divergence;In July,huge amounts of water vapor comes from the west and the south boundary,it results in the water vapor convergence over most sub-region of multi-year mean.But specifically speaking,it results in the water vapor convergence over all sub-region in the flood years,while results in the water vapor divergence in the drought years. |
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| Keywords: | Yellow River basin Water vapor transport Water vapor flux divergence Water vapor budget |
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