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青藏高原气温变化及其异常类型的研究
引用本文:李林,朱西德,秦宁生,王振宇,汪青春,周陆生.青藏高原气温变化及其异常类型的研究[J].高原气象,2003,22(5):524-530.
作者姓名:李林  朱西德  秦宁生  王振宇  汪青春  周陆生
作者单位:青海省气候资料中心,青海,西宁,810001
基金项目:中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目"青藏铁路工程与多年冻土相互作用及其环境效应"(KZCX1 SW 04),科技部社会公益研究项目(2001DIB10085)资助
摘    要:利用青藏高原81个气象台站近30年年平均气温、午平均最高、最低气温资料,采用EOF、REOF、气候线性趋势分析以及累积距平法等方法对青藏高原气温的时空分布特征及其异常类型进行了分析。结果表明:青藏高原年平均气温、年平均最高、最低气温空间变化在具有很好的主体一致性的同时,存在着南北及东西分布的差异,大地形特别是高原主要山脉走向对气温的空间分布具有十分明显的影响;其年际波动呈现出明显的上升趋势,并在20世纪80年代中后期发生过突变;其空间异常类型主要受地形和冷空气活动的影响较为显著。

关 键 词:青藏高原  气候变化  气温分区  旋转自然正交函数分解
文章编号:1000-0534(2003)05-0524-07
修稿时间:2003年1月30日

Study on Temperature Variations and Its Anomaly Patterns over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau
Abstract:Using 30\|year annual average, maximum and minimum air temperature data from 81 weather stations in Qinghai\|Xizang Plateau and EOF, REOF, climatic linear trend and accumulated variance analysis methods, the spatial and temporal annual temperature variations and temperature anomaly patterns were analyzed. The main resoults show that the annual average, maximum and minimum air temperature over Qinghai\|Xizang Plateau have a good consistency, but the differences exist in south\|north and east\|west distribution. The large topography, especially main mountain run from east to west in Plateau has obvious effect on the spatial distribution of air temperature. There is obvious ascending tendency for the interannual change, and the sudden change of temperature has occurred in the middle and late in 1980s. The anomaly patters of temperature were effected by the topography and cold air activities obviouly.
Keywords:Qinghai-Xizang Plateau  Climate change  Temperature subarea  REOF  
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