| 甘肃省主要农作物水分供需特征研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨兴国,刘宏谊,傅朝,马鹏里,王润元,杨启国.甘肃省主要农作物水分供需特征研究[J].高原气象,2004,23(6):821-827. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨兴国 刘宏谊 傅朝 马鹏里 王润元 杨启国 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国气象局,兰州干旱气象研究所,甘肃,兰州,730020
2. 兰州市气象局,甘肃,兰州,730020 |
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| 基金项目： | 甘肃省自然科学基金(YS981 A21 24)，科技部社会公益研究专项"西北地区人工防雹消雹技术"项目(2002DIB10046)共同资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 采用FAO-PM公式，计算了甘肃省主要农作物的需水量，并分析了它的时空变化特征及不同气候区的水分供需状况。结果表明，甘肃省主要农作物需水量自东南向西北方向增加，最大值在极端干旱的安西及敦煌一带，为515mm；最小值在徽县及成县盆地一带，为282mm。农作物全生育期日需水量呈单峰型。由于气候变化，导致农作物需水量呈波动减少趋势。对于雨养农业区，考虑到土壤水库的供水作用后计算的农作物水分供需特征更接近于实际状况，虽然玉米的需水量大于小麦，但由于其关键需水期和最大需水期与降雨时段相吻合，其水分供应状况反而优于小麦。而对于灌溉农业区，虽然目前的地表水资源总量上可以满足其流域内作物需水量，但实际已挤占了生态用水，导致水分供需矛盾突出。
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| 关 键 词： | 甘肃省 农作物 水分供需 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-0534(2004)06-0821-07 |
Characteristics of Water Requirement and Supply of Main Crops in Gansu Province |
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| YANG Xing-guo,LIU Hong-yi,FU Zhao,MA Peng-li,WANG Run-yuan,YANG Qi-guo.Characteristics of Water Requirement and Supply of Main Crops in Gansu Province[J].Plateau Meteorology,2004,23(6):821-827. |
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| Authors: | YANG Xing-guo LIU Hong-yi FU Zhao MA Peng-li WANG Run-yuan YANG Qi-guo |
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| Institution: | YANG Xing-guo~1,LIU Hong-yi~1,FU Zhao~2,MA Peng-li~1,WANG Run-yuan~1,YANG Qi-guo~1 |
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| Abstract: | The crop water requirements (CWR) of wheat and corn are calculated by utilizing the FAO Penman-Monteith equation (FAO-PM) and the spatial-temporal characteristics of CWR and water supply(WS) in different climatic regions of Gansu province were analyzed as well. The result shows that the CWR increases from south-east to north-west and the maximum value(515 mm) is at Anxi and Dunhuang regions, the minimum value(282 mm) is at Hui- and Cheng- county basins. The distribution of daily CWR is the typical curve with one peak value during the growth period of crop. Because of the climatic change, CWR occurred the undulated decreasing tendency. For the rainfed agriculture regions, the characteristics of the calculated CWR are closely to the observation after taking into consideration the water supply of soil water. Although CWR of corn is more than that of wheat, the difference between CWR and WS of corn is less than that of wheat because the key and maximum water requirement dates of CWR for corn are coincide with the rainy periods. For the irrigated culture region, the total quantity of surface water resource is able to meet the amount of CWR, but the water resource supplying to ecological environment is also exhausted. Therefore, the self-contradictory of water requirement and supply is more serious. |
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| Keywords: | Gansu province Crops Water requirement and supply |
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