| 黄河入海径流对河口海域盐度影响研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 王海霞,秦华伟,乔守文,李凡,石洪源,张旭日.黄河入海径流对河口海域盐度影响研究[J].海岸工程,2022,41(2):115-127. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王海霞 秦华伟 乔守文 李凡 石洪源 张旭日 |
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| 作者单位： | 鲁东大学 水利工程学院 , 山东 烟台 264025;鲁东大学 港口海岸防灾减灾研究院，山东 烟台 264025;山东省海洋资源与环境研究院 山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室, 山东 烟台 264006 |
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| 基金项目： | 山东省自然科学基金项目——径流情势对山东近海生态环境的影响机理研究（ZR2019PEE025） |
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| 摘 要： | 为研究黄河入海径流变化条件下河口附近海域盐度扩散特征，以更好地保护河口海域生物资源多样性，本文以黄河下游利津水文站的长序列实测径流数据资料为基础，利用近海水动力模型FVCOM，分析径流变化对黄河口海域盐度的影响规律。结果表明：黄河口与莱州湾之间存在顺时针的环流系统，在余流作用以及涨落潮方向的影响下，黄河冲淡水长期向莱州湾扩散；丰水期黄河冲淡水几乎影响了整个莱州湾，27盐度锋可以到达莱州湾中部，27等盐线的表层包络面积为2 665.61 km2，占莱州湾的1/4左右，枯水期低盐度水只有向南扩散的趋势，27以下的低盐度水集中分布在黄河口门附近，27等盐线的表层包络面积只有199.65 km2；5月份，随着入海径流量增加，27等盐线扩散的范围、距离、方向都会发生明显变化。在对近海生物资源有迫切保护需求的情景下，适当减少其他用水户供水量以增加入海生态径流量，可以有效改善黄河口海域附近的盐度情况，为生物资源的生长繁殖创造良好条件。
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| 关 键 词： | 黄河口 入海径流 近海水动力 盐度模拟 FVCOM |
| 收稿时间： | 2022/1/13 0:00:00 |
Effect of the Yellow River Runoff into the Sea on the Salinity of the Waters Near the Estuary |
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| WANG Hai-xi,QIN Hua-wei,QIAO Shou-wen,LI Fan,SHI Hong-yuan,ZHANG Xu-ri.Effect of the Yellow River Runoff into the Sea on the Salinity of the Waters Near the Estuary[J].Coastal Engineering,2022,41(2):115-127. |
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| Authors: | WANG Hai-xi QIN Hua-wei QIAO Shou-wen LI Fan SHI Hong-yuan ZHANG Xu-ri |
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| Institution: | School of Hydraulic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China;Centre for Ports and Coastal Disaster Mitigation, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Restoration for Marine Ecology, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to study the salinity diffusion characteristics of the waters near the estuary under the changing runoff of the Yellow River into the sea and to protect better the diversity of biological resources in the estuary, the offshore hydrodynamic model FVCOM is used to analyze the influence of runoff variations on salinity of the estuary waters based on the long series of runoff data from the Lijin Hydrological Station. The results show that there is a clockwise circulation system between the Yellow River estuary and the Laizhou Bay. Under the function of residual flow and the influence of tidal current directions, the diluted water of the Yellow River diffuses in long term toward the Laizhou Bay. In wet seasons the Yellow River diluted water affects almost the whole Laizhou Bay. The 27 salinity front can reach to the central part of the Laizhou Bay and the surface envelope area of the 27 salinity isohaline can be 2 665.61 km2, accounting for about a quarter of the size of the Laizhou Bay. In dry seasons, however, low-salinity water only tends to diffuse southward. The water with salinity lower than 27 is mainly distributed in the area near the Yellow River mouth and the surface envelope area of the 27 salinity isohaline can only be 199.65 km2. In May, the range, distance and direction of the 27-salinity line diffusion vary distinctly with the increase in the volume of runoff into the sea. In the situations where there are urgent protection needs for offshore biological resources, appropriately reducing the water supply of other water users to increase the ecological runoff volume into the sea can effectively improve the salinity situation of the waters of the Yellow River Estuary and create good conditions for the growth and reproduction of biological resources. |
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| Keywords: | the Yellow River Estuary runoff into the sea offshore hydrodynamics salinity simulation FVCOM |
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