| 用最小二乘法分析胶州湾海流特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 王勇,栾学科,栾天,闫鲁雁,郑琪.用最小二乘法分析胶州湾海流特征[J].海岸工程,2022,41(2):128-135. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王勇 栾学科 栾天 闫鲁雁 郑琪 |
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| 作者单位： | 山东省海岸带调查监测工程技术协同创新中心, 山东 青岛 266032;青岛市勘察测绘研究院, 山东 青岛 266032;青岛市海陆地理信息集成及应用重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266032 |
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| 摘 要： | 在胶州湾湾口、西侧、中心、东侧、北侧湾顶五个区域布设测站，利用2018年冬季至2020年秋季潮位、海流等监测数据，基于最小二乘法进行调和分析计算，并结合垂线平均流速流向、可能最大流速、水质点可能最大运移距离等计算模型，研究分析了胶州湾海流特征。结果表明，各区域潮流类型系数均小于0.5，M2分潮椭圆率绝对值均不超过0.1，接近于0，故胶州湾潮流性质为正规半日潮流，潮流运动形式以往复型为主。湾口区域余流、可能最大流速、水质点可能最大运移位移均最大。不同季节余流流速和流向的差异没有明显的规律性，除湾区西侧测站外，其余位置不同季节余流流向整体上有固定朝向：湾口处东偏北、中心站西偏北、东侧站南偏东、北侧湾顶站东偏北。靠近岸边的湾口、东侧和北侧湾顶站余流流向与邻近海岸垂直。在垂直方向上，各测站可能最大流速和水质点可能最大运移距离由表层至底层整体上呈减小趋势，流向基本一致。
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| 关 键 词： | 胶州湾 最小二乘法 海流特征 余流 可能最大流速 可能最大运移位移 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021/11/6 0:00:00 |
Study on Tidal Current Characteristics in the Jiaozhou Bay by Least Squares Harmonic Analysis |
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| WANG Yong,LUAN Xue-ke,LUAN Tian,YAN Lu-yan,ZHENG Qi.Study on Tidal Current Characteristics in the Jiaozhou Bay by Least Squares Harmonic Analysis[J].Coastal Engineering,2022,41(2):128-135. |
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| Authors: | WANG Yong LUAN Xue-ke LUAN Tian YAN Lu-yan ZHENG Qi |
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| Institution: | Shandong Coastal Zone Survey and Monitoring Engineering Technology Collaborative Innovation Center, Qingdao 266032, China;Qingdao Surveying & Mapping Institute, Qingdao 266032, China;Qingdao Marine and Land Geographic Information Integration and Application Key Laboratory, Qingdao 266032, China |
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| Abstract: | Five observation stations are set up at the mouth, west side, center, east side and north top of the bay. Based on the tidal level and current data observed by many times from winter 2018 to autumn 2020, the harmonic analysis and calculation of tidal current are carried out by means of least square method. The variations of the tidal current characteristics in the Jiaozhou Bay are analyzed by using the calculation models of vertical mean flow velocity and direction, maximum possible flow velocity and water particle maximum possible migration displacement. The results show that the tidal current type coefficient at each station is less than 0.5 and the absolute value of ellipticity of tidal component $ {M_2} $ is less than 0.1, being close to 0, indicating that the tidal current in the Jiaozhou Bay belongs to a normal semi-diurnal tidal current and the tidal current movement is dominated by a type of reciprocating motion. The residual current, the maximum possible flow velocity and the water particle maximum possible migration distance at the stations in the bay mouth area all are the maximum. In different seasons the velocity and direction of the residual flow have no obvious regularity. Except for the stations at the west side of the bay, at all other stations the flow direction of the residual current has overall a fixed orientation in different seasons: that is, east by north at the bay mouth, west by north at the central station, south by east at the eastern station and east by north at the northern bay top. The flow directions of the residual current are perpendicular to the adjacent coast at the bay mouth close to the shore, the eastern station and the northern bay top. In the vertical direction, the maximum possible flow velocity and the water particle maximum possible migration distance tend overall to decrease from the surface to the bottom at all stations, but the flow direction keeps basically the same. |
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| Keywords: | the Jiaozhou Bay least squares method tidal current characteristics residual current maximum possible flow velocity maximum possible migration displacement |
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