| 1982—2001年与2002—2021年北极秋季海冰的时空变化及原因 |
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| 引用本文： | 李淑瑶,崔红艳.1982—2001年与2002—2021年北极秋季海冰的时空变化及原因[J].海岸工程,2022,41(2):162-172. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李淑瑶 崔红艳 |
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| 作者单位： | 青岛科技大学 数理学院, 山东 青岛 266061;青岛科技大学 数学与交叉科学研究院, 山东 青岛 266061;青岛科技大学 数理学院, 山东 青岛 266061;青岛科技大学 数学与交叉科学研究院, 山东 青岛 266061;青岛海洋科学与技术(试点)国家实验室 区域海洋动力学与数值模拟功能实验室, 山东 青岛 266061 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金重点项目——孟加拉湾盐度多时间尺度变异机制及其气候影响研究（42130406） |
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| 摘 要： | 基于北极海冰密集度、海冰范围、大气环流和海温数据，研究了1982—2001年与2002—2021年两阶段各20 a间北极秋季海冰的时空变化特征及其原因。结果表明，近20 a（2002—2021年）北极海冰密集度的下降中心由过去（1982—2001年）的楚科奇海及白令海峡一带，转移至亚欧大陆海岸的巴伦支海附近，且海冰范围每10 a减少量由0.44×106 km2增长至0.72×106 km2，减少速度加快约64%。秋季北极海冰范围与海水表面温度（Sea Surface Temperature，SST）、表面气温（Surface Air Temperature，SAT）及比湿（Specific Humidity）均呈显著负相关。2002—2021年的相关系数较1982—2001年有所提高，且与温度相关系数最高的月份提前了一个月。通过对海水表面温度、表面气温、比湿、气压场和风场的经验正交分解（Empirical Orthogonal Function，EOF）可知，1982—2001年间，北极地区的温度及比湿的上升中心集中在楚科奇海及白令海峡一带；2002—2021年间，上升中心则转移至巴伦支海一带。气压场和风场在前后两阶段也出现了中心转移的分布变化。北极地区大气与海洋环流各因素的协同变化影响着北极海冰的消融。
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| 关 键 词： | 北极海冰 EOF 年际变化 时空变化 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022/1/29 0:00:00 |
The Spatial-Temporal Variation of Arctic Autumn Sea Ice and Its Impact Factors in 1982-2001 and 2002-2021 |
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| LI Shu-yao,CUI Hong-yan.The Spatial-Temporal Variation of Arctic Autumn Sea Ice and Its Impact Factors in 1982-2001 and 2002-2021[J].Coastal Engineering,2022,41(2):162-172. |
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| Authors: | LI Shu-yao CUI Hong-yan |
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| Institution: | College of Mathematics and Physics, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China;Research Institute for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China; College of Mathematics and Physics, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China;Research Institute for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China;Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266061, China |
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| Abstract: | Based on the data of Arctic sea ice concentration, sea ice extent, atmospheric circulation and sea surface temperature, the spatial and temporal changes of Arctic sea ice in autumn and their causes in 1982-2001 and 2002-2021 are studied. The results show that in recent 20 years (from 2002 to 2021), the falling center of Arctic sea ice aggregation degree has shifted from the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Strait in the past (1982-2001) to the Barents Sea close to the coast of Eurasian Continent (2002-2021), and the Arctic sea ice extent reduction has increased from 0.44×106 km2 in 1982-2001 to 0.72×106 km2 in 2002-2021 per decade, the reduction speed accelerated about 64%. The Arctic sea ice extent in autumn has a significant negative correlation with seawater surface temperature (SST), surface air temperature (SAT) and specific humidity (SH) and the correlation coefficients in the period of 2002-2021 are higher than those in 1982-2001, with the month when the correlation coefficient with temperature is the highest being advanced one month earlier. Through the analysis of SST, SAT, SH, sea level pressure (SLP) and wind field by using Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF), it can be seen that the rising centers of temperature and SH in the Arctic Ocean are concentrated in the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Strait in the period of 1982-2001 and transferred to the Barents Sea during 2002-2021. The SLP and wind field also show the changes of center transfer in these two periods of time. It is the variations of the atmospheric and oceanic circulation factors that influence the melting of the Arctic sea ice. |
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| Keywords: | Arctic sea ice EOF inter-annual change spatial and temporal changes |
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