| 长江和长江口高含量无机氮的主要控制因素 |
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| 引用本文： | 沈志良,刘群,张淑美,苗辉,张平.长江和长江口高含量无机氮的主要控制因素[J].海洋与湖沼,2001,32(5):465-473. |
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| 作者姓名： | 沈志良 刘群 张淑美 苗辉 张平 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院海洋研究所 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院“九五”重点资助项目 KZ95 2 -S1 -4 2 1号，国家自然科学基金资助项目 4 98760 2 0号，国家专项资助项目 sX(97) -1 1 -4号 |
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| 摘 要： | 根据1998－1998年长江和长江口河水和雨水的现场调查、历史资料以及相关文献，定量分析长江流域无机氮的主要来源和输送调查。估算表明，降水无机氮、农业非点源氮（化肥和土壤流失的氮）和点源污水氮的输入分别占长江口无机氮输出通量的62．3％、18．5％和14．4％。氮的降水输入是长江口高含量无机氮的主要来源，进入长江的降水氮仅仅大约占长江流域全部降水氮的36．8％。降水米要受控于化肥气态损失、化石燃料及动植物过程中释放的物质等。实际上，化肥N的气态损失和农业非点源流失大约占长江流域年化肥N使用量的60％，这是控制长江口高含量无机氮的关键因素。
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| 关 键 词： | 降水 化肥 无机氮 控制因素 长江 长江口 人类活动 |
| 收稿时间： | 2000/11/26 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2000年11月26 |
THE DOMINANT CONTROLLING FACTORS OF HIGH CONTENT INORGANIC N IN THE CHANGJIANG RIVER AND ITS MOUTH |
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| SHEN Zhi-Liang,LIU Qun,ZHANG Shu-Mei,MIAO Hui and ZHANG Ping.THE DOMINANT CONTROLLING FACTORS OF HIGH CONTENT INORGANIC N IN THE CHANGJIANG RIVER AND ITS MOUTH[J].Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica,2001,32(5):465-473. |
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| Authors: | SHEN Zhi-Liang LIU Qun ZHANG Shu-Mei MIAO Hui and ZHANG Ping |
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| Institution: | Institute of Oceanology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071;Institute of Oceanology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071;Institute of Oceanology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071;Institute of Oceanology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071;Institute of Oceanology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071 |
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| Abstract: | Based upon the site investigations of river and rain w aters in 1997-1998 in the Changjiang River and its mouth, together with histori cal data including those in the literature, the main sources and transport fluxe s of inorganic N in the Changjiang River catchment were quantitatively estimated . The results show that the inorganic N caming from precipitation, agriculture n on-point sources (lost from fertilizer and soil) and point sources sewages disch arged were about 62.3%, 18.5% and 14.4% of the export flux of inorganic N in the Changjiang River mouth, respectively. The N from precipitation was the main sou rce of the high content inorganic N in the Changjiang River mouth and the precip itation N entering the Changjiang River was only 36.8% of total precipitation N in the Changjiang River catchment. The N in precipitation were mainly controlled by the fertilizer losses, the combustion of fossil fuels and the released subst ances from animals and plants processes and so on. In fact, about 60% of consump t ion of annual fertilizer N were lost from gaseousness and agriculture non-point sources, this is a key factor to control the high content inorganic N in the Cha ngjiang River mouth. |
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| Keywords: | Precipitation Fertilizer Inorganic nitrogen Control factors The Changjiang River and its mouth |
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