Mesozooplankton community characteristics in the NE subarctic Pacific |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Earth & Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Blvd., Vancouver, B.C., Canada V6T 1Z4;2. Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Institute of Ocean Sciences, Sidney, B.C., Canada V8X 4M6;1. Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal;2. Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;3. Instituto de Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais e Superfícies, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal;4. Associação Euratom/IST e Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal;5. Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal;6. Departamento de Física, Universidade do Porto e IFIMUP, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;7. Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, 1959-007 Lisboa, Portugal;1. Laboratory of Marine Biology, Graduate School of Fisheries Science, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato-cho, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-0821, Japan;2. Australian Antarctic Division, 203 Channel Highway, Kingston, Tasmania 7050, Australia;3. Kaiyo-Koryukan, Kaiyo-Koen 1, Mombetsu, Hokkaido 094-0031, Japan;4. Hokkaido National Fisheries Research Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 116 Katsurakoi, Kushiro, Hokkaido 085-0802, Japan;1. Suidosha Co. Ltd., 8-11-11 Ikuta, Tama-ku, Kawasaki 214-0038, Japan;2. Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-19, Nishi-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan;3. Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa 277-8564, Japan;1. Laboratory of Marine Biology, Graduate School of Fisheries Science, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato-cho, Hakodate, Hokkaido, 041-8611, Japan;2. Shiretoko Foundation, 531 Iwaubetsu, Onnebetsu, Shari, Hokkaido, 099-4356, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Mesozooplankton biomass, species composition, abundance, and vertical distribution were determined along a transect from the continental slope off the west coast of Canada to Ocean Station Papa (OSP) in the open-ocean waters of the NE subarctic Pacific as part of the Canadian Joint Global Ocean Flux Study of this area. All of these measurements had distinct seasonal patterns. At OSP biomass peaked in spring, coincident with the annual biomass maximum of large copepods of the genus Neocalanus. Early copepodites of these copepods were present in surface waters at all stations along the transect in winter, but N. plumchrus and N. flemingeri copepodites were only at the offshore stations in spring. This indicated that these large copepods had completed the growth phase of their life cycle slower in the open ocean than closer to shore where they had already descended to deep water by May or June. Summer biomass was low compared to the spring peak. The summer mesozooplankton abundance was similar to the springtime abundance, but the composition had changed from large-bodied copepods in the spring to small copepods and fewer non-copepod taxa in the summer, which accounts for the reduction in total biomass. Winter biomass was the lowest of the year. Winter species composition was similar to summer except for the appearance of juvenile stages of the genera Neocalanus and Calanus. Diel changes in biomass in the upper 150 m were found in summer but not in winter or spring. Vertical distributions of copepods were often distinct, with closely related species occupying different depth strata. Measurements of wet weight at OSP were higher than the long-term mean wet weight during winter and spring, and lower during summer. |
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