Sources,transport and deposition of surface sediments from the South China Sea |
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| Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China;3. Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, Guangzhou 510075, China;4. MOE Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Process, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;1. Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China;2. Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources, Ministry of Land and Resources, Guangzhou 510075, China;1. Key Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China;2. Laboratory for Marine Geology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China;3. University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China;4. Key Laboratory of Marine Sedimentology and Environmental Geology, First Institute of Oceanography, SOA, Qingdao 266061, China |
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| Abstract: | Sediment sources, transport and deposition in the South China Sea (SCS) are addressed based on multiple proxies of 111 surface sediment samples, including clay minerals and rare earth elements. Results reveal that sediment sources in the SCS generally contain volcanic, biogenic and terrigenous materials. Volcanic material is typically distributed west of Luzon Island (including adjacent to Huangyan Island). Carbonate biogenic materials (e.g., coral and foraminifera) develop strongly around the Nansha and Xisha Islands. Terrigenous materials mainly derive from the continent via large rivers (e.g., the Pearl, Red and Mekong Rivers) and from islands via mountainous rivers (e.g. the Gaoping River in Southwest Taiwan and Rajang River in northern Kalimantan). According to clay mineral distributions of surface sediments from the SCS, the sediment transport route is traced. It extends to the central basin and even connects with the Sulu Sea through the Mindoro Strait. Further, based on rare earth element (REE) distribution patterns of the fine-grained fraction and clay mineral assemblage of surface sediments, contributions of various sediment sources are estimated at various locations on the SCS slope. |
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