Commercial fisheries closures in marine protected areas on Canada’s Pacific coast: The exception,not the rule |
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| Authors: | Carolyn K Robb Karin M BodtkerKim Wright Jennifer Lash |
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| Institution: | Living Oceans Society, PO Box 320, Sointula, British Columbia, Canada V0N 3E0 |
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| Abstract: | No-take marine protected areas (MPAs), where all fishing is prohibited, have been shown to provide benefits that include greater productivity of fish stocks due to increased densities, average sizes, and reproductive output. A critical component of this success is the effective management of MPAs to ensure that only those activities deemed permissible, are allowed to occur. As of 2008, 161 MPAs had been designated on the Pacific coast of Canada by federal, provincial or municipal authorities. The objective of this study was to discover how many of these MPAs are intended to provide full protection to habitats and species from commercial fishing and whether management measures were put in place to actualize this conservation intent. The comprehensive spatial dataset was built illustrating commercial fisheries closures and this was overlaid with MPA locations in a GIS. The majority of MPAs were designated as IUCN Strict Nature Reserve (Type Ia), Wilderness Area (Type Ib), and National Park (Type II) marine reserves, which are intended to be free from exploitation. It was found that 160 of the 161 MPAs are open to some commercial harvesting within their bounds. One small municipal MPA and portions of three other MPAs are not open to commercial harvesting. The incongruence between management intent and fisheries permitted suggests a management failure between designation of MPAs and implementation of fisheries management regulations. |
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| Keywords: | Marine protected area Commercial fisheries Integrated management International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Canada's Pacific coast Spatial analysis |
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