Effects of an Artificial Breakwater on the Distributions of Planktonic Microbial Communities |
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| Authors: | Young-Ok Kim Eun Jin Yang Jung-Hoon Kang Kyoungsoon Shin Man Chang Cheol Soo Myung |
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| Institution: | (1) Coastal Ecological Processes Research Division, South Sea Institute KORDI, Geoje 656-830, Korea;(2) Marine Bio-Technology and New Material Research Division, KORDI, Ansan P.O. Box 29, Seoul 425-600, Korea;(3) Environmental Engineering & Consultant (E&C) Technology Institute, Seoul 137-886, Korea |
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| Abstract: | The summer distributions of planktonic microbial communities (heterotrophic and phtosynthetic bacteria, phtosynthetic and
heterotrophic nanoflagellates, ciliate plankton, and microphytoplankton) were compared between inner and outer areas of Lake
Sihwa, divided by an artificial breakwater, located on the western coast of Korea, in September 2003. The semienclosed, inner
area was characterized by hyposaline surface water (<17 psu), and by low concentrations of dissolved oxygen (avg. 0.4 mg L1) and high concentrations of inorganic nutrients (nitrogenous nutrients >36 μM, phosphate <4 μM) in the bottom layer. Higher
densities of heterotrophic bacteria and nanoflagellates also occurred in the inner area than did in the outer area, while
microphytoplankton (mainly diatoms) occurred abundantly in the outer area. A tiny tintinnid ciliate, Tintinnopsis nana, bloomed
into more than 106 cells L1 at the surface layer of the inner area, while its abundance was much lower (103-104 cells L1) in the outer area of the breakwater. Ciliate abundance was highly correlated with heterotrophic bacteria (r = 0.886, p <
0.001) and heterotrophic flagellates (r = 0.962, p < 0.001), indicating that rich food availability may have led to theT. nana bloom. These results suggest that the breakwater causes the eutrophic environment in artificial lakes with limited flushing
of enriched water and develops into abundant bacteria, nanoflagellates, and ciliates. |
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| Keywords: | bloom breakwater ciliates heterotrophic bacteria nanoflagellates microphytoplankton |
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