Population Genetic Structure of Rock Bream (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Oplegnathus fasciatus</Emphasis> Temminck & Schlegel, 1884) Revealed by mtDNA COI Sequence in Korea and China |
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| Authors: | Hyun Suk Park Choong-Gon Kim Sung Kim Yong-Joo Park Hee-Jung Choi Zhizhong Xiao Jun Li Yongshuang Xiao Youn-Ho Lee |
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| Institution: | 1.Department of Convergence Studies on Ocean Science and Technology, School of Ocean Science and Technology,Korea Maritime and Ocean University,Busan,Korea;2.Marine Ecosystem and Biological Research Center,KIOST,Busan,Korea;3.Tongyoung Marine Science Station,KIOST,Tongyeong,Korea;4.Strategy Development Section,KIOST,Busan,Korea;5.Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao,China;6.Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Science,Qingdao,China |
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| Abstract: | The rock bream, Oplegnathus fasciatus, is a common rocky reef game fish in East Asia and recently has become an aquaculture species. Despite its commercial importance, the population genetic structure of this fish species remains poorly understood. In this study, 163 specimens were collected from 6 localities along the coastal waters of Korea and China and their genetic variation was analyzed with mtDNA COI sequences. A total of 34 polymorphic sites were detected which determined 30 haplotypes. The genetic pattern reveals a low level of nucleotide diversity (0.04 ± 0.003) but a high level of haplotype diversity (0.83 ± 0.02). The 30 haplotypes are divided into two major genealogical clades: one that consists of only Zhoushan (ZS, East China Sea) specific haplotypes from the southern East China Sea and the other that consists of the remaining haplotypes from the northern East China Sea, Yellow Sea, Korea Strait, and East Sea/Sea of Japan. The two clades are separated by approximately 330~435 kyBP. Analyses of AMOVA and Fst show a significant population differentiation between the ZS sample and the other ones, corroborating separation of the two genealogical clades. Larval dispersal and the fresh Yangtze River plume are invoked as the main determining factors for this population genetic structure of O. fasciatus. Neutrality tests and mismatch distribution analyses indicate late Pleistocene population expansion along the coastal waters of Korea and China approximately 133–183 kyBP during which there were periodic cycles of glaciations and deglaciations. Such population information needs to be taken into account when stock enhancement and conservation measures are implemented for this fisheries species. |
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