| 在三亚湾环境下四种方法在五种造礁石珊瑚上移植效果的比较 |
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| 引用本文： | 张浴阳,黄晖,黄洁英,尤丰,练健生,杨剑辉,温国彰.在三亚湾环境下四种方法在五种造礁石珊瑚上移植效果的比较[J].海洋学报(英文版),2016,35(10):88-95. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张浴阳 黄晖 黄洁英 尤丰 练健生 杨剑辉 温国彰 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室 广东省应用海洋生物学重点实验室, 中国, 广州, 510301;中国科学院大学, 中国, 北京, 100049,中国科学院南海海洋研究所热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室 广东省应用海洋生物学重点实验室, 中国, 广州, 510301;中国科学院海南热带海洋生物实验站, 中国, 三亚, 572000,海南省海洋与渔业科学院, 中国, 海口, 570100,中国科学院南海海洋研究所热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室 广东省应用海洋生物学重点实验室, 中国, 广州, 510301,中国科学院南海海洋研究所热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室 广东省应用海洋生物学重点实验室, 中国, 广州, 510301,中国科学院南海海洋研究所热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室 广东省应用海洋生物学重点实验室, 中国, 广州, 510301,中国科学院南海海洋研究所热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室 广东省应用海洋生物学重点实验室, 中国, 广州, 510301 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（人工鱼礁表面粗糙度与海藻附着效果的关系及其机理研究，31272703） |
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| 摘 要： | 珊瑚移植一直被认为是增加退化珊瑚礁上珊瑚数量的重要手段之一。为了调查多种珊瑚移植方法和不同珊瑚种类的移植效果，我们选择了已严重退化并仍面临着人类和自然环境胁迫的三亚鹿回头珊瑚礁作为移植地，对5种珊瑚共902个断枝利用4种方法进行了移植。在移植后的10个月，移植珊瑚的存活率为45.5%。移植方法对于不同珊瑚种类具有不同效果，但没有一种方法能够对所有珊瑚的移植效果产生促进作用。虽然对于叶状蔷薇珊瑚（Montipora foliosa）和风信子鹿角珊瑚（Acropora hyacinthus）来说，适合的移植方法能够减缓其死亡速率，但并不能改变其死亡趋势。叶状蔷薇珊瑚和风信子鹿角珊瑚的移植个体呈现出高死亡率和明显的存活组织面积下降，而扁枝滨珊瑚（Porites andrewsi）和丛生盔形珊瑚（Galaxea fascicularis）死亡率和组织部分死亡率则优于前两者。扁枝滨珊瑚和丛生盔形珊瑚仅在一种移植方法中出现了存活组织面积明显增长。鹿角杯形珊瑚（Pocillopora damicornis）是移植珊瑚中唯一一种在所有移植方法上都呈现珊瑚平均存活面积增长的种类。实验结果说明在受到高度胁迫的海域进行珊瑚移植很难取得满意效果，珊瑚种类的选择对胁迫环境下的珊瑚移植效果具有决定性影响，而移植方法只能在部分程度上改善移植效果，但无法弥补鹿回头环境压力对敏感种类胁迫造成的影响。在鹿回头珊瑚礁需首先治理对珊瑚造成胁迫的因子，再进行珊瑚移植，并应优先考虑移植环境耐受性高的珊瑚种类。
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| 关 键 词： | 珊瑚礁修复 方法 珊瑚移植 鹿回头 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015/2/11 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2015/10/19 0:00:00 |
The effects of four transplantation methods on five coral species at the Sanya Bay |
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| ZHANG Yuyang,HUANG Hui,HUANG Jieying,YOU Feng,LIAN Jiansheng,YANG Jianhui and WEN Colin K. C..The effects of four transplantation methods on five coral species at the Sanya Bay[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2016,35(10):88-95. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Yuyang HUANG Hui HUANG Jieying YOU Feng LIAN Jiansheng YANG Jianhui and WEN Colin K C |
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| Institution: | Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China;Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China,Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China;Tropical Marine Biological Research Station in Hainan, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572000, China,Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Haikou 570100, China,Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China,Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China,Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China and Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China |
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| Abstract: | Coral transplantation is considered as one of the major tools to increase coral abundance for degraded coral reefs. To investigate the effects of various methods and coral species in transplantation, coral fragments (n=902) of five coral species were transplanted by four methods at Luhuitou, the Sanya Bay, Hainan Province, China, where the reef has been over-exploited and is still threatened by human activities and natural disasters. Ten months after the transplant, the average survivorship of the transplanted corals was 45.5%. Methodologies had different effects on the transplanted corals, but none of them was efficacious for all coral species. Methodology could not change the decreasing trend for Montipora foliosa and Acropora hyacinthus, although it did slow down their decline. All transplants of A. hyacinthus and M. foliosa had high mortalities and significant decrease on survival area, while Porites andrewsi and Galaxea fascicularis had lower mortalities and partial mortalities. Only one method had significant effect on increasing survival area of G. fascicularis, same as P. andrewsi. Out of the five transplanted coral species, Pocillopora damicornis was the only species that had living tissue area increase in all applied methods, while the others had decreased live tissue area in one or more methods. The results of this study suggested that performing coral transplantation in a highly threatened area was not efficient unless the threats were diminished or erased. Moreover, proper species selection for coral transplantation is crucial, especially in a disturbed environment. Methodology, although having limited effects on improving results of coral transplantation, cannot compensate the maladjustment of vulnerable species to the stresses on the Luhuitou Reef. Coral transplantation on Luhuitou Reef should not be performed unless the stresses are under controlled, and corals with good tolerance to the environment should be considered first. |
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| Keywords: | coral reef rehabilitation methodology coral transplantation Luhuitou |
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