| 溢油乳化过程C波段微波散射特性实验研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 舒思京,孟俊敏,张晰,过杰,刘根旺.溢油乳化过程C波段微波散射特性实验研究[J].海洋学报(英文版),2020,39(7):135-145. |
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| 作者姓名： | 舒思京 孟俊敏 张晰 过杰 刘根旺 |
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| 作者单位： | 自然资源部第一海洋研究所, 青岛, 266061;自然资源部海洋工程技术创新中心, 青岛, 266061;中国科学院海岸带研究所, 烟台, 264003 |
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| 基金项目： | The National Key R&D Program of China under contract No. 2016YFC1401000; The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41576032 and 41706208. |
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| 摘 要： | 本文基于水槽溢油观测实验，研究溢油乳化过程中表面散射特性的变化。利用全极化C波段微波散射计和矢量网络分析仪等测量设备对易发生乳化反应沥青含量小于3%的原油（A型油）、油田中开采出的新鲜原油（B型油）和经过脱水去杂质处理的工业原油（C型油）进行观测。文中详细分析了在C波段微波下乳化油膜与平静水面的后向散射差异，以及油膜乳化过程对后向散射的影响，结果显示在低风速、无浪的条件下（最大波高低于3mm），原油的乳化反应可通过表面粗糙度和自身介电常数的变化来调制雷达后向散射，并且这两种方式中表面粗糙度的影响占主导地位。对比B型和C型原油在乳化状态和未乳化状态下的表面后向散射，结果显示在各状态下B型油膜表面后向散射均大于C型油，且在VV、HH、HV/VH极化方式下两者后向散射平均差异分别为2.19 dB、2.63 dB、2.21 dB，在20%油膜含水率的乳化状态下差异较未乳化状态时小，平均差异分别为0.98 dB、1.49 dB、1.5 dB，结果表明不同类型油种间由于成分和油膜属性的不同会在一定程度上导致油膜表面粗糙度存在差异，影响油膜表面后向散射。
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| 关 键 词： | 溢油微波散射特性 溢油乳化 溢油实验 后向散射 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019/10/9 0:00:00 |
Experimental study of C-band microwave scattering characteristics during the emulsification process of oil spills |
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| Shu Sijing,Meng Junmin,Zhang Xi,Guo Jie,Liu Genwang.Experimental study of C-band microwave scattering characteristics during the emulsification process of oil spills[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2020,39(7):135-145. |
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| Authors: | Shu Sijing Meng Junmin Zhang Xi Guo Jie Liu Genwang |
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| Institution: | 1.First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China2.Ocean Engineering Technology Innovation Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China3.Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Reaearch, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China |
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| Abstract: | In this study, oil spill experiments were performed in a water tank to determine changes in the surface scattering characteristics during the emulsification of oil spills. A C-band fully-polarimetric microwave scatterometer and a vector network analyzer were used to observe films of the following oils: crude oil with an asphalt content below 3% that is prone to emulsification (type A), fresh crude oil extracted from an oilfield (type B), and industrial crude oil that was dehydrated and purified (type C). The difference in the backscatter results between the emulsified oil film and the calm water surface under C-band microwaves and the influence of the emulsification of the oil film on the backscatter were analyzed in detail. The results demonstrate that under a low-wind and no-waves condition (the maximum wave height was below than 3 mm), the emulsification of crude oil could modulated the backscatter through changes in the surface roughness and the dielectric constant, where the surface roughness had the dominant effect. The surface backscatters of the type B oil were greater than that of the type C oil in both the emulsified and non-emulsified states. In the non-emulsified state, the average differences in the backscatter between the type B and C oils were 2.19 dB, 2.63 dB, and 2.21 dB for the polarization modes of VV, HH, and HV/VH, respectively. Smaller corresponding average differences of 0.98 dB, 1.49 dB, and 1.5 dB were found for the emulsified state with a 20% moisture constant for the oil film. The results demonstrated that the surface roughness of the different oil films could vary due to the differences in the oil compositions and the oil film properties, which in turn affect the backscatter of the oil film surface. |
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| Keywords: | microwave scattering characteristics of oil spill emulsification of crude oil experiment of oil spill backscatter |
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