| 全球气候模式中赤道东太平洋海表温度的季节循环：从CMIP5到CMIP6 |
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| 引用本文： | 宋振亚,刘海龙,陈幸荣.全球气候模式中赤道东太平洋海表温度的季节循环：从CMIP5到CMIP6[J].海洋学报(英文版),2020,39(7):50-60. |
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| 作者姓名： | 宋振亚 刘海龙 陈幸荣 |
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| 作者单位： | 自然资源部第一海洋研究所, 青岛, 266061;青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室区域海洋动力学与数值模拟功能实验室, 青岛, 266237;上海交通大学, 上海, 200240;国家海洋环境预报中心, 北京, 100081 |
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| 基金项目： | The National Key R&D Program of China under contract No. 2016YFA0602200; the Basic Scientific Fund for National Public Research Institute of China under contract No. 2016S03; the grant of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology under contract Nos 2017ASTCP-ES04 and QNLM20160RP0101; the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No. 41776019; the Shanghai Natural Science Foundation under contract No. 16ZR1416200; the China-Korea Cooperation Project on Northwestern Pacific Climate Change and its Prediction. |
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| 摘 要： | The sea surface temperature(SST) seasonal cycle in the eastern equatorial Pacific(EEP) plays an important role in the El Ni?o–Southern Oscillation(ENSO) phenomenon. However, the reasonable simulation of SST seasonal cycle in the EEP is still a challenge for climate models. In this paper, we evaluated the performance of 17 CMIP6 climate models in simulating the seasonal cycle in the EEP and compared them with 43 CMIP5 climate models. In general, only CESM2 and SAM0-UNICON are able to successfully capture the annual mean SST characteristics,and the results showed that CMIP6 models have no fundamental improvement in the model annual mean bias.For the seasonal cycle, 14 out of 17 climate models are able to represent the major characteristics of the observed SST annual evolution. In spring, 12 models capture the 1–2 months leading the eastern equatorial Pacific region 1(EP1; 5°S–5°N, 110°–85°W) against the eastern equatorial Pacific region 2(EP2; 5°S–5°N, 140°–110°W). In autumn,only two models, GISS-E2-G and SAM0-UNICON, correctly show that the EP1 and EP2 SSTs vary in phase. For the CMIP6 MME SST simulation in EP1, both the cold bias along the equator in the warm phase and the warm bias in the cold phase lead to a weaker annual SST cycle in the CGCMs, which is similar to the CMIP5 results. However,both the seasonal cold bias and warm bias are considerably decreased for CMIP6, which leads the annual SST cycle to more closely reflect the observation. For the CMIP6 MME SST simulation in EP2, the amplitude is similar to the observed value due to the quasi-constant cold bias throughout the year, although the cold bias is clearly improved after August compared with CMIP5 models. Overall, although SAM0-UNICON successfully captured the seasonal cycle characteristics in the EEP and the improvement from CMIP5 to CMIP6 in simulating EEP SST is clear, the fundamental climate models simulated biases still exist.
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| 关 键 词： | CMIP5 CMIP6 赤道东太平洋 海表温度季节循环 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019/8/15 0:00:00 |
Eastern equatorial Pacific SST seasonal cycle in global climate models: from CMIP5 to CMIP6 |
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| Song Zheny,Liu Hailong,Chen Xingrong.Eastern equatorial Pacific SST seasonal cycle in global climate models: from CMIP5 to CMIP6[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2020,39(7):50-60. |
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| Authors: | Song Zheny Liu Hailong Chen Xingrong |
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| Institution: | 1.First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China2.Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China3.School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China4.National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100081, China |
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| Abstract: | The sea surface temperature (SST) seasonal cycle in the eastern equatorial Pacific (EEP) plays an important role in the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon. However, the reasonable simulation of SST seasonal cycle in the EEP is still a challenge for climate models. In this paper, we evaluated the performance of 17 CMIP6 climate models in simulating the seasonal cycle in the EEP and compared them with 43 CMIP5 climate models. In general, only CESM2 and SAM0-UNICON are able to successfully capture the annual mean SST characteristics, and the results showed that CMIP6 models have no fundamental improvement in the model annual mean bias. For the seasonal cycle, 14 out of 17 climate models are able to represent the major characteristics of the observed SST annual evolution. In spring, 12 models capture the 1–2 months leading the eastern equatorial Pacific region 1 (EP1; 5°S–5°N, 110°–85°W) against the eastern equatorial Pacific region 2 (EP2; 5°S–5°N, 140°–110°W). In autumn, only two models, GISS-E2-G and SAM0-UNICON, correctly show that the EP1 and EP2 SSTs vary in phase. For the CMIP6 MME SST simulation in EP1, both the cold bias along the equator in the warm phase and the warm bias in the cold phase lead to a weaker annual SST cycle in the CGCMs, which is similar to the CMIP5 results. However, both the seasonal cold bias and warm bias are considerably decreased for CMIP6, which leads the annual SST cycle to more closely reflect the observation. For the CMIP6 MME SST simulation in EP2, the amplitude is similar to the observed value due to the quasi-constant cold bias throughout the year, although the cold bias is clearly improved after August compared with CMIP5 models. Overall, although SAM0-UNICON successfully captured the seasonal cycle characteristics in the EEP and the improvement from CMIP5 to CMIP6 in simulating EEP SST is clear, the fundamental climate models simulated biases still exist. |
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| Keywords: | CMIP5 CMIP6 eastern equatorial Pacific SST seasonal cycle |
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