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Investigation into extremely acidic hydrothermal fluids off Kueishan Tao, Taiwan, China
作者姓名:CHEN Chentung A  WANG Bingjye  HUANG Jungfu  LOU Jiannyuh  KUO Fuwen  TU Yuehyuan  TSAI Hsienshiow
作者单位:Institute of Marine Geology and Chemistry National Sun Yat-Sen University,Kaohsiung,China,Institute of Marine Geology and Chemistry National Sun Yat-Sen University,Kaohsiung,China,Department of Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection Taiwan Power Company,Taipei,China,Department of Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection Taiwan Power Company,Taipei,China
基金项目:supported by the Taiwan Power Company and Taiwan "Science Council" under contract(NSC91-261 1-M110-010)
摘    要:Kueishan Tao (24°51′N, 121°55′E) is located at a tectonic junction of the fault system extension of Taiwan and the southern rifting end of the Okinawa Trough. A cluster of over 30 vents, at a water depth of about 10-20 m off the eastern tip of the tao emits hy-drothermal fluids and volcanic gases such as H2S. A sulfur chimney or mound, formed by condensation of the sulfur contained in the hydrothermal fluid, can usually be seen around the

关 键 词:热液排泄  火山  相位独立  接合构造  断层地质
收稿时间:4/8/2004 12:00:00 AM
修稿时间:2004/10/28 0:00:00

Investigation into extremely acidic hydrothermal fluids off Kueishan Tao, Taiwan, China
CHEN Chentung A,WANG Bingjye,HUANG Jungfu,LOU Jiannyuh,KUO Fuwen,TU Yuehyuan,TSAI Hsienshiow.Investigation into extremely acidic hydrothermal fluids off Kueishan Tao, Taiwan, China[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2005,24(1):125-133.
Authors:CHEN Chentung A  WANG Bingjye  HUANG Jungfu  LOU Jiannyuh  KUO Fuwen  TU Yuehyuan and TSAI Hsienshiow
Institution:1.Institute of Marine Geology and Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, China2.National Kaohsiung Marine Technology University, Kaohsiung, China3.Chinese Naval Academy, Kaohsiung, China4.National Museum of Marine Biology & Aquarium, Pingtung, China5.Department of Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection, Taiwan Power Company, Taipei, China
Abstract:Kueishan Tao (24°51'N, 121 °55′E) is located at a tectonic junction of the fault system extension of Taiwan and the southern rifting end of the Okinawa Trough. A cluster of over 30 vents, at a water depth of about 10~20 m off the eastern tip of the tao emits hydrothermal fluids and volcanic gases such as H2S. A sulfur chimney or mound, formed by condensation of the sulfur contained in the hydrothermal fluid, can usually be seen around the vents. The tallest chimney reaches 6 m. Vents discharging a yellowish fluid have temperatures between 92 and 116 ℃ and flow rates as high as 158 t/h; vents discharging a whitish fluid have lower temperatures of between 48 and 62 ℃ and lower flow rates of about 7.0 t/h. These world-record, breaking low pH (as low as 1.52) fluids are totally different from those found in the black and white-chimneys of the mid-ocean ridges. Magnesium and SiO2 data indicate that these hydrothermal fluids probably originate from a depth of 915~1 350 m below the surface.While the ratios of major ions relative to the sodium of these hydrothermal fluids are quite similar to open ocean water, the ratios of SO4 and chloride to sodium seem to be higher for some of the vents. It is suggested that the volcanic gases contribute SO4 and ohlorine to the fluids, hence increasing their ratios relative to sodium. Some hydrothermal fluids, however, are found to be depleted of the major elements which can have been caused by phase separation. The concentrations of iron and manganese in the fluids are much lower than those found in the mid-ocean ridges, while the aluminium content is higher. Four species of benthos (Xenograpsus testudinatus, a snail, a sea anemone, and a Sipuncala), 1 species of algae (Corallinaceae), and 1 species of fish (Siganus fusescens) were recorded near the hydrothermal vents. A mitoehondria DNA sequence comparison of Xenograpsus testudinatus with 6 other decapod species shows the greatest number of nitrogen base differences in the DNA fragments from 225 to 270. The gene diversity in this DNAregion possibly results from the unusual habitat. A sediment core was collected at a pond near the eastern side of the tao. No volcanic ash could be detected in the core sample spanning 3 620 a.
Keywords:Kueishan Tao  hydrothermal vents  volcano  phase separation  Xenograpsus testudinatus
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