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| Global air-sea surface carbon-dioxide transfer velocity and flux estimated using ERS-2 data and a new parametric formula | |
| 作者姓名： | YU Tan HE Yijun ZHA Guozhen SONG Jinbao LIU Guoqiang GUO Jie |
| 作者单位： | Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;Key Laboratory of Chinese Academy of Sciences for Ocean Circulation andWaves (KLOCAW), Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;School ofMarine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;College ofMarine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;School ofMarine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;Key Laboratory of Chinese Academy of Sciences for Ocean Circulation andWaves (KLOCAW), Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;Key Laboratory of Chinese Academy of Sciences for Ocean Circulation andWaves (KLOCAW), Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;Key Laboratory of Chinese Academy of Sciences for Ocean Circulation andWaves (KLOCAW), Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;Key Laboratory of Chinese Academy of Sciences for Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China;Key Laboratory of Shandong Province for Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China |
| 基金项目： | Public Science and Technology Research Funds Projects of Ocean under contract No. 200905012; a project funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD) of China. |
| 摘 要： | Using data from the European remote sensing scatterometer（ERS-2） from July 1997 to August 1998,global distributions of the air-sea CO2 transfer velocity and flux are retrieved.A new model of the air-sea CO2 transfer velocity with surface wind speed and wave steepness is proposed.The wave steepness（5） is retrieved using a neural network（NN） model from ERS-2 scatterometer data,while the wind speed is directly derived by the ERS-2 scatterometer.The new model agrees well with the formulations based on the wind speed and the variation in the wind speed dependent relationships presented in many previous studies can be explained by this proposed relation with variation in wave steepness effect.Seasonally global maps of gas transfer velocity and llux are shown on the basis of the new model and the seasonal variations of the transfer velocity and llux during the 1 a period.The global mean gas transfer velocity is 30 cm/h after area-weighting and Schmidt number correction and its accuracy remains calculation with in situ data.The highest transfer velocity occurs around 60°N and 60°S,while the lowest on the equator.The total air to sea CO2 llux（calculated by carbon） in that year is 1.77 Pg.The strongest source of CO2 is in the equatorial east Pacific Ocean, while the strongest sink is in the 68°N.Full exploration of the uncertainty of this estimate awaits further data.An effectual method is provided to calculate the effect of waves on the determination of air-sea CO2 transfer velocity and fluxes with ERS-2 scatterometer data. |
| 关 键 词： | gas transfer velocity carbon dioxide flux wave steepness European remote sensing scatterometer |
| 收稿时间： | 6/4/2012 12:00:00 AM |
| 修稿时间： | 2012/9/28 0:00:00 |
Global air-sea surface carbon-dioxide transfer velocity and flux estimated using ERS-2 data and a new parametric formula |
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| YU Tan,HE Yijun,ZHA Guozhen,SONG Jinbao,LIU Guoqiang,GUO Jie.Global air-sea surface carbon-dioxide transfer velocity and flux estimated using ERS-2 data and a new parametric formula[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2013,32(7):78-87. | |
| Authors: | YU Tan HE Yijun ZHA Guozhen SONG Jinbao LIU Guoqiang and GUO Jie |
| Institution: | 1334. Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China 2334. Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China 3334. Key Laboratory of Chinese Academy of Sciences for Ocean Circulation and Waves (KLOCAW), Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China 4334. School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China 5334. College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China 6334. Key Laboratory of Chinese Academy of Sciences for Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China 7334. Key Laboratory of Shandong Province for Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China |
| Abstract: | Using data from the European remote sensing scatterometer (ERS-2) from July 1997 to August 1998, global distributions of the air-sea CO2 transfer velocity and flux are retrieved. A new model of the air-sea CO2 transfer velocity with surface wind speed and wave steepness is proposed. The wave steepness (δ) is retrieved using a neural network (NN) model from ERS-2 scatterometer data, while the wind speed is directly derived by the ERS-2 scatterometer. The new model agrees well with the formulations based on the wind speed and the variation in the wind speed dependent relationships presented in many previous studies can be explained by this proposed relation with variation in wave steepness effect. Seasonally global maps of gas transfer velocity and flux are shown on the basis of the new model and the seasonal variations of the transfer velocity and flux during the 1 a period. The global mean gas transfer velocity is 30 cm/h after area-weighting and Schmidt number correction and its accuracy remains calculation with in situ data. The highest transfer velocity occurs around 60°N and 60°S, while the lowest on the equator. The total air to sea CO2 flux (calculated by carbon) in that year is 1.77 Pg. The strongest source of CO2 is in the equatorial east Pacific Ocean, while the strongest sink is in the 68°N. Full exploration of the uncertainty of this estimate awaits further data. An effectual method is provided to calculate the effect of waves on the determination of air-sea CO2 transfer velocity and fluxes with ERS-2 scatterometer data. |
| Keywords: | gas transfer velocity carbon dioxide flux wave steepness European remote sensing scatterometer |
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