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东太平洋海隆深海热液区沉积物古菌多样性分析
引用本文:刘青,谢运标,陈逍遥,周梅先.东太平洋海隆深海热液区沉积物古菌多样性分析[J].台湾海峡,2014(4):516-524.
作者姓名:刘青  谢运标  陈逍遥  周梅先
作者单位:国家海洋局第三海洋研究所 国家海洋局海洋生物遗传资源重点实验室,福建 厦门,361005
基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)资助项目
摘    要:采用PCR-RFLP方法对东太平洋海隆深海热液区3个站位沉积物中的古菌多样性进行了初步研究.结果显示,从古菌16S rRNA基因文库中随机挑取的296个阳性克隆分属奇古菌门(Thaumarchaeota,47.64%)、广古菌门(Euryarchaeota,44.93%)、泉古菌门(Crenarchaeota,6.77%)和未分类古菌(0.68%),其中优势菌群为奇古菌门的亚硝化侏儒菌属(Nitrosopumilus,35.47%)和广古菌门的热原体纲(Thermoplasmata,27.03%),DHVE3、DHVE5、DHVE6、MBGB和MBGE类群在沉积物样品中也均有发现.另外,3个站位沉积物中古菌类群组成存在差异,S5-TVG1站位样品文库的97个古菌克隆分属奇古菌门(49.48%)、广古菌门(49.48%)和泉古菌门(1.03%),S14-TVG10站位样品文库的103个古菌克隆由奇古菌门(84.47%)和广古菌门(15.53%)组成,S16-TVG12站位样品文库的96个古菌克隆包括广古菌门(71.88%)、泉古菌门(19.79%)、奇古菌门(6.25%)和未分类古菌(2.08%).研究结果表明,东太平洋海隆深海热液区沉积物中古菌多样性丰富,存在着许多新的古菌菌群;不同站位古菌菌群结构以及多样性存在差异,这与其所处环境的热液活动密切相关.

关 键 词:海洋生物学  东太平洋海隆  深海热液区  沉积物  古菌多样性  PCR-RFLP分析

Archaeal diversity in deep-sea hydrothermal sediments from the East Pacific Rise
LIU Qing,XIE Yun-biao,CHEN Xiao-yao,ZHOU Mei-xian.Archaeal diversity in deep-sea hydrothermal sediments from the East Pacific Rise[J].Journal of Oceanography In Taiwan Strait,2014(4):516-524.
Authors:LIU Qing  XIE Yun-biao  CHEN Xiao-yao  ZHOU Mei-xian
Institution:(Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, SOA, Xiamen 361005, China)
Abstract:Archaeal diversity of deep-sea hydrothermal sediments from 3 sites on the East Pacific Rise was investigated and analyzed with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP).Phylogenetic analyses revealed that a total of 296 random 16 S rRNA gene clones were assigned to Thaumarchaeota(47.64%),Euryarchaeota(44.93%),Crenarchaeota(6.77%) and unclassified Archaea(0.68%).Among them,the genus Nitrosopumilus belonging to the phylum Thaumarchaeota and the class Thermoplasmata belonging to the phylum Euryarchaeota were the dominant groups,representing 35.47% and 27.03% of archaeal clones,respectively.In addition,some archaeal 16 S rRNA gene sequences were affiliated with deep-sea hydrothermal vent Euryarchaeota 3,5 and 6(DHVE3,DHVE5 and DHVE6),and Marine Benthic Group B and G(MBGB and MBGE).Archaeal communities in sediments from 3 sites on East Pacific Rise were clearly distinct from each other.97 archaeal clones from S5-TVG1 site were divided to Thaumarchaeota(49.48%),Euryarchaeota(49.48%) and Crenarchaeota(1.03%).103 archaeal clones from S14-TVG10 site belonged to Thaumarchaeota(84.47%) and Euryarchaeota(15.53%).96 archaeal clones from S16-TVG12 site were assigned to Euryarchaeota(71.88%),Crenarchaeota(19.79%),Thaumarchaeota(6.25%) and unclassified Archaea(2.08%).Our results indicate that Archaea is abundant and there are a lot of novel archaeal groups in deep-sea hydrothermal sediments from 3sites on the East Pacific Rise,and the distinct community structure and diversity of Archaea in deep-sea hydrother-mal sediments suggested that the sampling area was influenced by hydrothermalism.
Keywords:marine biology  East Pacific Rise  deep-sea hydrothermal vent  sediment  archaeal diversity  PCR-RFLP analysis
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