Effect of the kelp Laminaria hyperborea upon sand dune erosion and water particle velocities |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Environment, Education and Development, The University of Manchester, M13 9PL Manchester, United Kingdom;2. Oceans Graduate School and UWA Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, WA, Australia;3. CIMA – Centre for Marine and Environmental Research, FCT, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal;1. Dept. of Hydraulic Eng., Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands;2. Flanders Hydraulics Research, Berchemlei 115, 2140 Antwerp, Belgium |
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| Abstract: | This paper presents a set of results from a laboratory study on water wave propagation above submerged vegetation growing in the surf zone and the effect of submerged vegetation on dune erosion. The study has focused on the kelp Laminaria hyperborea. The reason is that this kelp is commercially harvested along the Norwegian coast and there is a need to obtain better knowledge on the possible consequences of this harvesting. Experiments were run with irregular waves over a sloping bottom, and a kelp field was simulated by 5000 artificial kelp plants in a 1:10 scale. The experiments primarily focused on the effect of kelp upon erosion of a sand dune, wave damping and water velocities. It was found that the water level is a very important factor to the degree of dune erosion, while the kelp has only a minor effect. The kelp does, however, cause significant wave damping and the degree of wave breaking is reduced. It was also found that the kelp modifies the water velocity profile. In a region above the kelp canopy layer, the time-averaged water velocity was shoreward, while the seaward undertow was confined to a region higher up in the water column. |
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