| 近年来长江河口北支水沙特性与河槽稳定性分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 冯凌旋,李九发,戴志军,闫虹,赵建春.近年来长江河口北支水沙特性与河槽稳定性分析[J].海洋学研究,2009,27(3):40-47. |
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| 作者姓名： | 冯凌旋 李九发 戴志军 闫虹 赵建春 |
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| 作者单位： | 华东师范大学,河口海岸学国家重点实验室,上海,200062 |
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| 基金项目： | 上海市科委重点资助项目，上海市科技启明星资助项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 根据崇头、青龙港、三条港和连兴港1950～2001年潮汐潮流观测资料和2005年6～7月的大、中、小潮及2007年5月5～10日沿北支河槽进行的两个连续潮周期水、沙、盐的现场观测数据并结合参考2005年的实测地形图.通过对长时间序列(1950～2001年)的分流比、年均流量、潮位、潮历时等数据的整理分析并与近期(1998～2005年)的水文特征值比较,发现随着北支分流量逐渐减少,河槽内强烈的潮波已成为影响北支河槽不稳定的主要因素;青龙港近年来(1998～2005年)平均高、低潮位出现增高,比多年(1950～2001年)平均高、低潮位分别高出15和17cm,是北支河床近年来持续性淤浅的体现;大潮期间北支河槽涨潮含沙量无论量值还是扩散强度均大于落潮,明显表现出河口涨潮槽具有的泥沙运动规律.自2001年以来除少数年份的小潮汛外,均表现出明显的涨潮优势,其中2002年3月大潮的潮量优势流仅为9.42%,显示出涨潮优势十分明显,说明北支河槽近几年来正朝着衰退的过程发展;2005年北支河槽-2、-4和-6 m等深线均呈喇叭状,闭合端指向上游,符合涨潮槽的几何形态;再从河槽类型系数(λ)看,大潮期间λ值均大于1,最大值为31.1,涨潮槽特征显著;而洪季中、小潮各测站λ值均小于1,最小值为0.000 3,A、B两测站在大潮时λ值均大于1,而小潮时又都小于1,显示北支河槽虽主要表现为涨潮槽的特征,但洪季受径流和潮汛影响,其涨潮槽特性不稳定.总体而言,目前北支河槽为一条不稳定的废弃型涨潮槽.
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| 关 键 词： | 水沙特性 泥沙运动 河槽类型 长江口北支 |
Analysis of the river channel stability and the characteristics of suspended sediment and water in the North Branch of the Changjiang River Estuary in recent years |
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| FENG Ling-xuan,LI Jiu-fa,DAI Zhi-jun,YAN Hong,ZHAO Jian-chun.Analysis of the river channel stability and the characteristics of suspended sediment and water in the North Branch of the Changjiang River Estuary in recent years[J].Journal of Marine Sciences,2009,27(3):40-47. |
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| Authors: | FENG Ling-xuan LI Jiu-fa DAI Zhi-jun YAN Hong ZHAO Jian-chun |
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| Institution: | FENG Ling-xuan,LI Jiu-fa,DAI Zhi-jun,YAN Hong,ZHAO Jian-chun(State Key Laboratory of Estuarine , Coastal Research,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China) |
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| Abstract: | The North Branch had been the main channel into the sea of the Changjiang River.Its runoff has decreased gradually since the river took the South Branch as the main channel into the sea in 18th century,and the North Branch has been transferred from a runoff-dominated river branch to a tidal-dominated one.However,the evolution of the natural river regime upsteam,changes of incoming water and silt resulted from large-scale engineering projects and human activities such as reclamation on both banks has resulte... |
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| Keywords: | characteristics of water and suspended sediment sediment movement river-channel type the North Branch of the Changjiang River Estuary |
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