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| 钱塘江河口护塘丁坝的研究进展 | |
| 引用本文： | 严盛,孙志林,赵渭军,林炳尧.钱塘江河口护塘丁坝的研究进展[J].海洋学研究,2008,26(2):75-81. |
| 作者姓名： | 严盛 孙志林 赵渭军 林炳尧 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 浙江大学,建筑工程学院,浙江,杭州,310027;浙江省钱塘江管理局,浙江,杭州,310016 2. 浙江大学,建筑工程学院,浙江,杭州,310027 3. 浙江省水利河口研究院,浙江,杭州,310020 |
| 摘 要： | 从作为河道整治或护岸的辅助建筑物的丁坝的原型观测、模型试验到工程实践等多种手段对钱塘江强潮河口段各个历史阶段护塘丁坝的研究成果进行了回顾和总结。钱塘江护塘丁坝技术在抗击强涌潮的过程中被不断推进、发展和创新,为钱塘江海塘的防护发挥了至关重要的作用。 |
| 关 键 词： | 护塘丁坝 堆石丁坝 桩式丁坝 坝头保护 钱塘江河口 |
Progress of the study on the groins of the Qiantangjiang River Estuary |
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| YAN Sheng,SUN Zhi-lin,ZHAO Wei-jun,LIN Bing-yao.Progress of the study on the groins of the Qiantangjiang River Estuary[J].Journal of Marine Sciences,2008,26(2):75-81. | |
| Authors: | YAN Sheng SUN Zhi-lin ZHAO Wei-jun LIN Bing-yao |
| Abstract: | The groin has three functions,that is,dyke protection,river movement control and siltation promotion for inning.The groin to protect the bottomland and enhance the stability of the dyke is called dyke-protection groin.The progress of the study on the dyke-protection groin is discussed in this paper.The construction of groins of the Qiantangjiang River started in Yongzheng times,Qing dynasty.The Tashan groin completed in 1740 ushered in the construction of riprap groins of the Qiantangjiang River.A group of groins built in Hangzhou section in 1928 was surfaced with concrete for the first time and becomes the embryonic form of the modern groin of the river.From then on,most of the groins of the Qiantangjiang River were built in the same type.In 1999 a new type of groin called sheet-pile groin appeared which lead the practice and study of a new generation of groin.The progress of the study and practice of the sheet-pile groin at the Qiantangjiang River banks is as follows.Firstly,based on the old experiences a principle of groin construction was raised,it says that groins should be constructed in groups of groins in short length and small distance.Secondly,a series of test experiments were carried out from 1990s and the way to define such parameters as the groin elevation,length,angle to the dyke and space between each two groins were proposed.Finally,the dyke-protection fundamentals and effects of the groins are analyzed.It is concluded that,there is no direct relationship between the siltation scouring in the groins area and the type of the groins,but the anti-scouring elevation fluctuates with the alternation of siltation and erosion in the river.In the siltation period,the groin area will be added 1.5 m,and in the erosion period,it will be reduced 1 m.From the above commonness,the study and practice of the only two types of riprap and sheet-pile groins now exist at the Qiantangjiang River banks is summarized individually.From 1950s,riprap groins were wildly used in Qiantangjiang River Estuary,and the study of their protective form has never stopped.In order to reduce the local erosion of the upper reaches of the riprap groin,the apron of groin root and groin body was widened in this side to reduce the direct scouring of the water flow on the beach.In view of the protection of the groin tip,the most vulnerable spot of the riprap groin,mixture of sand and stone,caisson,small concrete cage,steel bar cage with stone,and pile in annular girder etc.are used.In order to resolve the shortcomings of riprap groins such as shallow base,incompact body and insecure structure,sheet-pile groins were proposed in 1999 to make the groin have a deep base to guarantee its safety and durableness.A series of test and study was conducted on the plane layout,general anti-scouring effect of group sheet-pile groins and the partial scouring effect,and the observations of the test sheet-pile groins were analyzed,which shows that the sheet-pile groins have not only the same siltation-promotion function as the riprap groins,but also are higher in security,reliability and durability.The sheet-pile groin is an innovation of the bank protection technology of the Qiantangjiang River and can be widely used in the realignment of rivers of different types and dyke-protection. |
| Keywords: | Dyke-protection groins riprap groins sheet-pile groins groyne head protection the Qiantangjiang River Estuary |
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