| 大陆坡脚确定原则与方法 |
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| 引用本文： | 方银霞,李家彪,尹洁,刘为勇,唐勇.大陆坡脚确定原则与方法[J].海洋学研究,2022,40(2):1-9. |
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| 作者姓名： | 方银霞 李家彪 尹洁 刘为勇 唐勇 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.自然资源部海底科学重点实验室，浙江 杭州 310012；
2.自然资源部第二海洋研究所，浙江 杭州 310012；
3.上海交通大学海洋学院，上海 200240 |
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| 摘 要： | 大陆坡脚是大陆边缘的一个重要地形特征，是沿海国扩展其大陆架权利和划定其200海里以外大陆架外部界限的基础，也是大陆架界限委员会审议沿海国划界案时特别关注的重要技术参数。《联合国海洋法公约》第76条大陆架制度的制定源于典型的被动大陆边缘。但由于全球大陆边缘的多样性和复杂性，特别是后期构造活动、沉积作用对大陆边缘的改造与影响，海底地形地貌异常复杂多变，导致大陆坡脚的识别非常困难。加上各沿海国为获得最大范围的外大陆架，对大陆坡脚的相关规定进行有利于自己的解释，使得大陆坡脚的确定成了外大陆架划界中一个颇具争议的热点问题。本文基于对《联合国海洋法公约》和《大陆架界限委员会科学和技术准则》对大陆坡脚的规定，结合不同类型大陆边缘的地质特征和各沿海国划界实践，对陆坡基部区的确定、坡度变化最大之点的选取以及相反证明规则的适用性等问题进行了探讨。
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| 关 键 词： | 大陆坡脚 陆坡基部区 相反证明 洋陆过渡带 外大陆架 划界案 |
Principles and methods for determining the foot of the continental slope |
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| FANG Yinxia,LI Jiabiao,YIN Jie,LIU Weiyong,TANG Yong.Principles and methods for determining the foot of the continental slope[J].Journal of Marine Sciences,2022,40(2):1-9. |
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| Authors: | FANG Yinxia LI Jiabiao YIN Jie LIU Weiyong TANG Yong |
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| Institution: | 1.Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences, MNR, Hangzhou 310012, China;
2.Second Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Hangzhou 310012, China;
3.School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China |
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| Abstract: | The foot of the continental slope is an important topographical feature of the continental margin. Its the basis for coastal states to extend its continental shelf rights and to delimit the outer limit of the continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles. Its also an important technical parameter that the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf pays special attention to when considering the submissions of coastal states. The formulation of the continental shelf regime in Article 76 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea originates from the typical passive continental margin. However, due to the diversity and complexity of the global continental margin, especially the transformation and influence of late tectonic activities and sedimentation on the continental margin, the seabed topography is extremely complex and changeable, which makes it very difficult to identify the foot of the continental slope. In addition, in order to obtain the largest extent of the outer continental shelf, each coastal state has interpreted the relevant provisions of the foot of the continental slope in their own favor, making the foot of the continental slope a hot and controversial issue in the delimitation of the outer continental shelf. Based on the provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and the "Scientific and Technical Guidelines of the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf" on the foot of the continental slope, combined with the geological characteristics of different types of continental margins and the delimitation practice of various coastal states, the determination of the base of the continental slope, the selection of the point of greatest change and the application of the evidence to the contrary are discussed. |
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| Keywords: | foot of the continental slope base of the continental slope evidence to the contrary continent ocean transition outer continental shelf submission |
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