| 上海芦潮港海域污损生物的分布特征及生态特点 |
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| 引用本文： | 王晓波,魏永杰,龙绍桥.上海芦潮港海域污损生物的分布特征及生态特点[J].海洋学研究,2011(3):136-144. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王晓波 魏永杰 龙绍桥 |
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| 作者单位： | 国家海洋局宁波海洋环境监测中心站; |
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| 基金项目： | “908”专项资助项目(908-01-ST04) |
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| 摘 要： | 2007年3月1日至2008年2月29日在上海芦潮港附近海域进行了污损生物周年挂板试验,调查了该海域污损生物的种类组成、优势种、附着季节和生物量分布特征,分析了主要污损生物的生态特点.结果表明,该海域共鉴定出污损生物52种,隶属于9个生物门类,其中藻类5种,腔肠动物11种,苔藓虫6种,多毛类2种,软体动物5种,甲壳类1...
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| 关 键 词： | 污损生物 附着季节 生物量分布 生态特点 芦潮港 |
Distribution and ecological characteristics of fouling organisms in Luchao Harbor waters,Shanghai China |
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| WANG Xiao-bo,WEI Yong-jie,LONG Shao-qiao.Distribution and ecological characteristics of fouling organisms in Luchao Harbor waters,Shanghai China[J].Journal of Marine Sciences,2011(3):136-144. |
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| Authors: | WANG Xiao-bo WEI Yong-jie LONG Shao-qiao |
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| Institution: | WANG Xiao-bo,WEI Yong-jie,LONG Shao-qiao(Marine Environmental Monitoring Center of Ningbo,SOA,Ningbo 315012,China) |
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| Abstract: | Shanghai Luchao Harbor is located in the border area of Hangzhouwan Bay and Yangtze River Estuary.It is mainly influenced by strong coastal current of Hangzhouwan Bay and freshwater from Yangtze River and Qiantang River.Seawater in Luchao Harbor was characterized by low salinity and high content of sediment.Salinity in this area varied from 8.34 to 20.13,average water temperature ranged from 4.8 ℃ to 28.5 ℃,and transparency was often less than 0.3 m.The hydraulic structures(such as wharf,buoy,etc.) in Luchao Harbor have been seriously spoiled due to fouling organisms,which will affect safe operation of the wharf.Previously,there has been a few studies researching fouling organisms in Luchao Harbor and its neiborhood.This study focuses on species composition,biomass,abundance,seasonal fluctuation and vertical distribution of fouling organisms,aimed to provide important basic data for fouling organisms control and marine environment monitoring in Luchao Harbor and its adjacent waters.An experiment on fouling organisms in Luchao Harbor ferry terminal was performed by deploying two groups of test boards from March 2007 to February 2008.Altogether 52 species in 9 categories fouling organisms with significant low-salt features were identified,among which the main species belonged to estuary low-salt species,so the fouling organisms in Luchao Harbor were classified into the Balanus uliginosus zone of Chinese marine fouling organisms divisions.The dominant species were Obelia geniculata、Obelia graciliser、Bryozoa sp.、Balanus uliginosus、Balanus albicostatus、Saccostrea cucullata、Crassostrea rivularis、Melita sp.、Caprella penantis、Caprella equilibra and Halipbanella luciae.The fouling organisms in Luchao Harbor wharf waters could reproduce and attach all year round.The adhesion strength and species composition varied with water temperature.The adhesion strength was low during December to next February for low temperature.The lowest biomass of fouling organisms in Luchao Harbor occurred in February was only 0.90 g/m2,which was same as that of Zhujiajian appeared in February(0.90 g/m2).The prosperous period of fouling organisms attachment occurred during June to September.In May,such species as Crassostrea rivularis,Obelia graciliser,Obelia geniculata,Balanus albicastatus,Balanus uliginosus and Bryozoa sp.appeared.The highest biomass occurred in June due to attachment of Balanus albicastatus,Balanus uliginosus and Caprella penantis in large quantity.The wet weight biomass in surface layer was 1 850.90 g/m2 and covered an area of 92.40% in middle layer,which was significantly higher and earlier than those of Zhujiajian occurred in July(951.75 g/m2).The biomass of fouling organisms gradually reduced as the water temperature decreased since September.The range of variation in biomass of fouling organisms in Luchao Harbor was much wider than that of Zhujiajian,but the trend of water temperature changes in these two sites were more consistent.Therefore salinity may be one of the main factors causing this difference. |
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| Keywords: | fouling organism adhesion season biomss distribution ecological characteristics Luchao Harbor |
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