| 海洋沉积物中氮的形态及其生态学意义 |
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| 引用本文： | 吕晓霞,宋金明.海洋沉积物中氮的形态及其生态学意义[J].海洋科学集刊,2003(45):101-111. |
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| 作者姓名： | 吕晓霞 宋金明 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院海洋研究所生态与环境科学重点实验室；中国科学院研究生院 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院海洋研究所调查研究报告第4539号。国家杰出青年科学基金(49925614)与中国科学院创新重大项目KZCX1-SW-01-08资助。 |
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| 摘 要： | 海洋沉积物作为生源要素氮的重要源与汇，在其生物地球化学循环中起着至关重要的作用。该项研究旨在查清海洋沉积物中氮的存在形态及其生态学意义。氮是生物生命活动必需的营养要素，海洋中的氮往往是海洋初级生产力的限制因子，氮的吸收与再生释放在估算海洋新生产力和生源要素的生物地球化学循环率上也有重要贡献。海洋沉积物中的氮作为海水中氮的重要供给源是海洋生物赖以生存的重要物质基础，对维持海洋生态平衡、修复失衡的海洋生态环境具有重要意义。但由于不同海区海洋沉积物的来源和环境不同，氮的形态和含量亦不相同，可被生物吸收和利用的数量就不相同，因此造成了不同海区生物种群和环境不同，进而影响生态环境。因此，研究海洋沉积物中氮的形态，了解各个形态与沉积物中生物种群及与环境的关系，确定其生物和化学活性，査清氮不同形态的生态学功能，对于深入探讨海洋生物资源可持续利用的方法和策略具有重要意义。本文主要阐述海洋沉积物中氮的存在形式与分布、氮的早期成岩和去营养化作用、硝化和反硝化作用以及氮与生物特定种群的关系等，探讨了影响海洋沉积物中的氮循环的主要因素，并分析了海洋沉积物中的氮与生态系的关系，以期对研究氮的海洋生物地球化学过程有所帮助。
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| 关 键 词： | 海洋沉积物 氮循环 生物地球化学循环 |
| 收稿时间： | 2001/8/20 0:00:00 |
NITROGEN FORMS AND THEIR ECOLOGICAL IMIPORTANCE IN MARINE SEDIMENTS |
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| Institution: | MEES, Institute of Oceanology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences; Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences |
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| Abstract: | As the important resource and sink of biogenic element nitrogen, marine sediments have significant effect on nitrogen biogeochemical cycling. It is the key of this research to make clear nitrogen forms in sediments. Nitrogen biogeochemical cycling in marine sediments is a complex process. This research is focused on nitrogen early diagenesis, counter-eutrophication, nitrogen cycling (including mineralization, nitrification and denitrification), and nitrogen flux at the sediment-water interface. Various theory models and analysis methods have been built up. By now, systematic knowledge of nitrogen cycling has been obtained. Therefore, little was known about the distribution and forms of nitrogen, the relationship between nitrogen and other nutrients cycling, the effect of strong metals in nitrogen cycling. especially idiographic forms of nitrogen in different grain-size sediments in various sea areas. To research on the distribution and forms of nitrogen in sediments is the key for learning how nitrogen forms and transports in sediments, utilization and burying degree of nitrogen, the effect of nitrogen in the biological chain, and the relationship between nitrogen and marine biological activities. The effect of nitrogen on marine ecological evolvement and marine biogeochemical cycling must be deeply studied.
The ocean is the last region rich in resources that has not been completely exploited. How to exploit it properly is an important problem. |
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| Keywords: | nitrogen forms marine sediment biogeochemical cycling |
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