| 基于氮、磷收支的人工湿地-池塘循环水养殖系统净化效果评价 |
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| 引用本文： | 陶冶,朱健,李冰,侯诒然,封功成.基于氮、磷收支的人工湿地-池塘循环水养殖系统净化效果评价[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2021(2). |
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| 作者姓名： | 陶冶 朱健 李冰 侯诒然 封功成 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京农业大学无锡渔业学院;中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD25B07);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-45)资助。 |
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| 摘 要： | 池塘循环水养殖与人工湿地相组合,是将养殖生产与净化养殖废水并举的新思路,研究该组合系统中氮、磷物质的源-汇作用,对系统工艺参数的设置具有指导意义。本文研究了在复合垂直潜流人工湿地-池塘循环水养殖系统中氮、磷生源要素的流向与收支,并通过氮、磷收支评价人工湿地对池塘尾水净化效果。研究表明:在5个月的试验周期内,饲料投入是该养殖系统氮、磷收入最主要的途径,分别占总收入的65.61%和81.44%,其次是水体中带入的氮、磷。在试验初期,由于养殖生物与湿地植物的生物量较小,因此其对系统的氮、磷收入部分贡献较小。沉积物蓄积是氮、磷最主要的支出途径,占总支出氮、磷的比例为28.60%和42.23%;其次为养殖生物的收获,占总支出氮、磷的26.05%和30.77%;人工湿地植物与基质蓄积的氮、磷占总支出的15.81%和16.11%;通过池塘底泥渗漏损失的氮、磷较少。人工湿地对氨氮、总氮、总磷的去除率分别为33.72%~66.32%、36.35%~72.40%、44.69%~57.32%,且氨氮与总氮的去除率受温度影响显著。研究结果表明:人工湿地对池塘尾水有显著的净化效果,可通过植物收割、基质移除等方式去除系统内未被有效利用的氮、磷,减少池塘内源性氮、磷的蓄积。人工湿地-池塘循环水养殖模式具有良好的生态效益,是一种绿色、可持续的养殖模式。
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| 关 键 词： | 池塘循环水养殖 人工湿地 净化效果 氮磷收支 沉积物 |
An Evaluation of Purification Effect of Constructed Wetland-Pond Recirculating Aquiculture System Based on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Budgets |
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| TAO Ye,ZHU Jian,LI Bing,HOU Yi-Ran,FENG Gong-Cheng.An Evaluation of Purification Effect of Constructed Wetland-Pond Recirculating Aquiculture System Based on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Budgets[J].Periodical of Ocean University of China,2021(2). |
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| Authors: | TAO Ye ZHU Jian LI Bing HOU Yi-Ran FENG Gong-Cheng |
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| Institution: | (Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China;Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China) |
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| Abstract: | The combination of recirculating pond aquaculture and constructed wetland is a new idea considering both aquaculture production and wastewater purification.Studying the effects of sources and sinks of nitrogen and phosphorus in the combined system has guiding significance to the parameters.In this study,we determined the flow and budgets of nitrogen and phosphorus in the integrated vertical-flow constructed wetland-pond recirculating aquaculture system,and evaluated the purification effect of the constructed wetland on the pond wastewater through N and P budgets.The results showed thatfee-ding is the most important way for the N and P inputs of the system within the five-month experimental period,accounting for 65.61%and 81.44%of the total inputs,respectively.The second was the N and P in water layer.At the beginning of experiment,the biomass of farmed organisms and wetland plants was low,and contributed little to the N and P inputs of the system.Sediment accumulation was the most important way of N and P outputs,accounting for 28.60%and 42.23%of the total outputs,and the second way was the harvest of farmed organisms,which accounted for 26.05%and 30.77%of the total N and P outputs,respectively.The nitrogen and phosphorus accumulated by plants and substrates in the constructed wetland accounted for 15.81%and 16.11%of the total outputs,and less N and P were lost through leakage of pond sediment.The removal rates of NH3-N,TN,and TP in constructed wetlands varied between 33.72%and 66.32%,36.35%and 72.40%,and 44.69%and 57.32%,respectively.The removal rates of NH3-N and TN were significantly affected by water temperature.The constructed wetland showed a significant purification effect on pond wastewater.It removed nitrogen and phosphorus that were not effectively used in the system through plant harvesting and substrate removal,thus reduced the accumulation of endogenous nitrogen and phosphorus in pond.It has good ecological benefits and is a green and sustainable aquaculture mode. |
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| Keywords: | pond recirculating aquaculture constructed wetland purification effect nitrogen and phosphorus budgets sediment |
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