Importance of wave-induced bed liquefaction in the fine sediment budget of Cleveland Bay,Great Barrier Reef |
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| Authors: | J Lambrechts C Humphrey L McKinna O Gourge KE Fabricius AJ Mehta S Lewis E Wolanski |
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| Institution: | 1. Centre for Systems Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Université catholique de Louvain, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium;2. Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland 4810, Australia;3. School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia;4. Department of Civil and Coastal Engineering, 365 Weil Hall, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;5. Australian Centre for Tropical Freshwater Research, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Data from a three-year long field study of fine sediment dynamics in Cleveland Bay show that wave-induced liquefaction of the fine sediment bed on the seafloor in shallow water was the main process causing bed erosion under small waves during tradewinds, and that shear-induced erosion prevailed during cyclonic conditions. These data were used to verify a model of fine sediment dynamics that calculates sediment resuspension by both excess shear stress and wave-induced liquefaction of the bed. For present land-use conditions, the amount of riverine sediments settling on the bay may exceed by 50–75% the amount of sediment exported from the bay. Sediment is thus accumulating in the bay on an annual basis, which in turn may degrade the fringing coral reefs. For those years when a tropical cyclone impacted the bay there may be a net sediment outflow from the bay. During the dry, tradewind season, fine sediment was progressively winnowed out of the shallow, reefal waters. |
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| Keywords: | fine sediment waves erosion deposition model coral Great Barrier Reef |
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