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生态因子在黄海绿潮生消过程中的作用
引用本文:白雨,赵亮,刘境舟.生态因子在黄海绿潮生消过程中的作用[J].海洋学报,2019,41(8):97-105.
作者姓名:白雨  赵亮  刘境舟
作者单位:天津科技大学 海洋与环境学院,天津 300457
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC1401602);国家自然科学基金(41876018)。
摘    要:2008–2017年南黄海海域连续10 a发生绿潮,影响周边沿海城市养殖、旅游和航运安全等。研究绿潮生消过程及其影响因素对于理解黄海绿潮分布特征,开展绿潮灾害的预防与治理有重要意义。本文主要采用MODIS L1B数据,通过归一化植被指数提取绿潮信息。根据逐年绿潮覆盖面积的变化特征,将绿潮生消过程分为3个阶段:触发阶段、快速发展阶段、消衰阶段,分析了海表温度、降水和光照在绿潮生消过程中的作用。结果表明:在触发阶段,温度达到15°C后,有效降水可以刺激绿潮的触发,在降水后的半个月内可以通过MODIS影像发现绿潮。在快速发展阶段,绿潮所在位置海表面温度为16~21°C,适宜绿潮的快速生长;太阳短波辐射集中在250~280 W/m2范围内;降水量是影响绿潮生长规模的一个重要因素,降水量少时绿潮覆盖面积峰值明显较小,而出现绿潮覆盖面积最大值的2016年降水量也极高。在消衰阶段,海表温度上升至22~26°C,绿潮在卫星影像中消失时,平均海表温度超过26°C,最高温度可达27.48°C,较高的海表面温度是导致绿潮消亡的主要原因之一;太阳短波辐射集中在240~260 W/m2,略低于快速发展阶段光照范围;降水量在该阶段相对充足不再影响绿潮的生长。

关 键 词:绿潮    生消    海表温度    光照    降水量    南黄海
收稿时间:2018/12/28 0:00:00
修稿时间:2019/3/13 0:00:00

The role of ecological factors in the progress of the green tide in the Yellow Sea
Bai Yu,Zhao Liang and Liu Jingzhou.The role of ecological factors in the progress of the green tide in the Yellow Sea[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica (in Chinese),2019,41(8):97-105.
Authors:Bai Yu  Zhao Liang and Liu Jingzhou
Institution:College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
Abstract:The green tide occurred in the South Yellow Sea for 10 a from 2008 to 2017, affecting aquaculture, tourism and the safety of shipping in surrounding coastal cities. Studying the progress of the green tide and their influencing factors are of vital significance for understanding the distribution characteristics of the green tide in the South Yellow Sea and for preventing and controlling the green tide disaster. MODIS L1B data is used in this paper and normalized difference vegetation index is applied to extract related information of the green tide. According to the variation characteristics of the coverage area of the green tide, the whole progress of the green tide is divided into three stages: trigger stage, fast development stage and depletion stage. And the effects of sea surface temperature, precipitation and short-wave radiation on the variation of the green tide were analyzed. The results show that in the trigger stage, when the temperature is over 15℃, effective precipitation can stimulate the triggering of the green tide. The green tide can be detected by MODIS image within half a month following the effective precipitation. In the fast development stage, the sea surface temperature at the location of the green tide is 16–21℃, which is suitable for the rapid growth of the green tide. The solar short-wave radiation is concentrated in the range of 250~280 W/m2, and the precipitation is important for the growth of the green tide during this stage. The peak coverage area of the green tide is low when precipitation is small, while the precipitation is extremely high in 2016 when the peak coverage area is the largest. During the depletion stage, the sea surface temperature rises to 22–26℃. When the green tide disappears, the average sea surface temperature exceeds 26℃, and the highest temperature reaches 27.48℃. The high sea surface temperature is one of the main factors for the demise of the green tide. The solar short-wave radiation is concentrated at 240–260 W/m2, which is slightly lower than that in the fast development stage. The precipitation is relatively sufficient in this stage and no longer affects the growth of the green tide.
Keywords:green tide  outbreak and extinction  sea surface temperature  short-wave radiation  precipitation  south Yellow Sea
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