| 熊本牡蛎、葡萄牙牡蛎和长牡蛎组织菌群构成及功能的比较分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 叶静,戴文芳,刘圣,林志华,薛清刚.熊本牡蛎、葡萄牙牡蛎和长牡蛎组织菌群构成及功能的比较分析[J].海洋学报,2022,44(8):66-77. |
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| 作者姓名： | 叶静 戴文芳 刘圣 林志华 薛清刚 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.上海海洋大学 水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心，上海 201306 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金（32073010，31672629）；宁波市“泛3315计划”现代农业创新团队项目（2019–2023）。 |
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| 摘 要： | 为探究健康二龄熊本牡蛎、葡萄牙牡蛎和长牡蛎5种组织间细菌群落组成、多样性和功能的差异，本研究利用Illumina高通量测序技术和PICRUSt2对3种牡蛎5种组织中的细菌群落构成及其潜在功能进行了比较分析。结果显示，在3种牡蛎的5种组织中共鉴定到6 020个细菌OTUs，其中3种牡蛎整体间共有的OTUs数占42.4%。3种牡蛎5种组织中的优势菌主要隶属于γ-变形菌纲（γ-proteobacteria）、α-变形菌纲（α-proteobacteria）、柔壁菌门（Tenericutes）和厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）。弧菌属（Vibrio）在熊本牡蛎的鳃、外套膜、性腺和血淋巴中的相对丰度均显著高于长牡蛎和葡萄牙牡蛎，且分别在熊本牡蛎外套膜、长牡蛎性腺和葡萄牙牡蛎血淋巴中相对丰度最高，但均在3种牡蛎肝胰腺中相对丰度最低。3种牡蛎5种组织间的菌群多样性均有所差异，其中在熊本牡蛎鳃、葡萄牙牡蛎外套膜和长牡蛎血淋巴中菌群多样性最高，而在熊本牡蛎血淋巴、葡萄牙牡蛎性腺和长牡蛎肝胰腺中菌群多样性最低。在不区分组织的情况下，3种牡蛎整体间的菌群结构存在显著差异（r=0.661，p<0.001）。此外，在熊本牡蛎肝胰腺、葡萄牙牡蛎鳃和长牡蛎血淋巴中细菌参与的能量代谢相关功能通路的相关丰度显著高于对应牡蛎的其他组织。本文结果表明，熊本牡蛎、葡萄牙牡蛎和长牡蛎组织内的菌群构成存在差异，且由细菌介导的功能也随牡蛎种类和组织类型发生改变。
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| 关 键 词： | 牡蛎 高通量测序 细菌群落 功能预测 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-12-24 |
Comparison of the composition and functional potentials of bacterial communities in different tissues from Crassostrea sikamea, Crassostrea angulata and Crassostrea gigas |
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| Institution: | 1.National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China2.Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ninghai 315604, China3.Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resource, College of Biological & Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China |
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| Abstract: | To explore the differences in the composition, diversity, and functions of bacterial communities in tissues from two-year old and healthy Crassostrea sikamea, Crassostrea angulata and Crassostrea gigas, the bacterial community structures and functional potentials among three oysters by combining the Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology and phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states 2 (PICRUSt2) was compared in this paper. The results showed that a total of 6 020 OTUs were identified in the five tissues from the three oysters, among which the numbers of shared OTUs accounted for 42.4% of total OTUs. The γ-proteobacteria, α-proteobacteria, Tenericutes and Firmicutes were dominant in five tissues of three oysters. The relative abundance of Vibrio genus was significantly higher in the gill, mantle, hepatopancreas and hemolymph tissues of C. sikamea than in the five tissues of C. angulata and C. gigas. Compared to other tissues, the relative abundance of Vibrio genus was the highest in the mantle of C. sikamea, the gonad of C. angulata and the hemolymph of C. gigas, but was lowest in the hepatopancreas of all three oysters. The diversity of bacterial communities was different among the five tissues of three oysters. Compared to other tissues, the bacterial community α-diversity was higher in the gill of C. sikamea, the mantle of C. angulata and the hemolymph of C. gigas, respectively, but was lowest in the hemolymph of C. sikamea, the gonad of C. angulata and the hepatopancreas of C. gigas. Regardless of tissue types, the bacterial community structures differed significantly (r=0.661, p<0.001) among the three oysters. Additionally, the abundances of bacterial-mediated functional pathways involved in the energy metabolism were significantly higher in the hepatopancreas of C. sikamea, the gill of C. angulata and the hemolymph of C. gigas than that in other tissues of corresponding oysters. Our findings suggested that the structure and composition of bacterial communities were different among five tissues of C. sikamea, C. angulata and C. gigas, and the bacterial-mediated functional potentials ware affected by oyster species and tissue types. |
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