| 西北太平洋海域黑潮区有机氯农药和多氯联苯的浓度及其组成特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 徐良,贺静,林明兰,林田.西北太平洋海域黑潮区有机氯农药和多氯联苯的浓度及其组成特征[J].海洋学报,2022,44(8):1-10. |
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| 作者姓名： | 徐良 贺静 林明兰 林田 |
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| 作者单位： | 上海海洋大学 海洋生态与环境学院，上海 201306 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金（42076205）。 |
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| 摘 要： | 由于传统持久性有机污染物（POPs）如有机氯农药（OCPs）和多氯联苯（PCBs）在全球范围内被广泛的限制或禁用，各种环境介质中的污染物浓度呈现逐年降低的趋势。西北太平洋作为远离大陆的开放性海域，无明显的污染点源，其洋流在POPs的输送和扩散过程中扮演重要的角色。本研究采集西北太平洋黑潮区表层和次表层（2～5 m和150 m）水体为研究对象，分析其中溶解态OCPs（六六六（HCHs）、滴滴涕（DDTs）、氯丹（CHLs））和PCBs的浓度及组成特征。结果显示，黑潮区表层水体中HCHs、DDTs、CHLs和PCBs的浓度范围分别为30.7～68.8 pg/L、6.16～23.8 pg/L、1.07～5.75 pg/L和49.8～124 pg/L；次表层水体中分别为27.3～68.4 pg/L、7.06～14.1 pg/L、0.518～10.1 pg/L和34.1～68.4 pg/L。HCHs各异构体的比值特征表明该海域以林丹输入为主，而DDTs和CHLs的比值结果显示，该海域水体中滴滴涕和氯丹均主要是来自于历史残留。水体中PCBs主要以三氯联苯、四氯联苯为主，与东亚多氯联苯的历史使用情况吻合。黑潮水团体量巨大且内部分布均匀，对污染物的垂直分布产生重要影响，即不同深度水体中OCPs、PCBs浓度及其组成相当；同时黑潮带来的高温、高营养盐水团对其海域生物体内污染物的富集形成潜在风险。
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| 关 键 词： | 有机氯农药 多氯联苯 西北太平洋 黑潮 水体 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-10-20 |
Concentration and composition of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in the Kuroshio area of the Northwest Pacific Ocean |
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| Institution: | College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China |
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| Abstract: | During the past decades of years, the widespread restrictions and ban on the use of legacy persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) around the world have resulted in gradual decrease in their concentration in various environmental media. As an open sea area, the Northwest Pacific Ocean is far away from the continental area without obvious pollution point source, the ocean currents play an important role in the transportation and diffusion of POPs. In this study, the surface waters (2?5 m) and subsurface waters (150 m) in the Kuroshio area of the Northwest Pacific Ocean were collected and analyzed for dissolved OCPs and PCBs. The results showed that the concentrations of HCHs, DDTs, CHLs and PCBs in the surface waters ranged from 30.7 pg/L to 68.8 pg/L, 6.16 pg/L to 23.8 pg/L, 1.07 pg/L to 5.75 pg/L and 49.8 pg/L to 124 pg/L, respectively; the concentrations in the subsurface waters ranged from 27.3 pg/L to 68.4 pg/L, 7.06 pg/L to 14.1 pg/L, 0.518 pg/L to 10.1 pg/L and 34.1 pg/L to 68.4 pg/L, respectively. The concentration levels of OCPs in different water bodies were comparable, which may be related to the huge water body and internal homogeneity of the Kuroshio. The ratios of the various isomers of HCHs indicated that the sea area was dominated by lindane input, while the ratio of DDTs and CHLs showed that the DDTs and CHLs in the waters of the sea area were mainly derived from the residues of legacy. PCBs were dominated by tri-PCBs and tetra-PCBs, which consistented with the use of PCBs in East Asia. The large volume and uniform internal distribution of Kuroshio water mass have an important impact on the vertical distribution of pollutants, that is, the concentration and composition of OCPs in water at different depths are similar. At the same time, Kuroshio brings high temperature and high nutrient salt water masses, forming potential risks to the enrichment of pollutants in the marine organisms. |
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